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Numerical security proofs offer a versatile approach for evaluating the secret-key generation rate of quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols. However, existing methods typically require perfect source characterization, which is…

Semi-quantum key distribution protocols are designed to allow two parties to establish a shared secret key, secure against an all-powerful adversary, even when one of the users is restricted to measuring and preparing quantum states in one…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-15 Omar Amer , Walter O. Krawec

Parameter estimation is a critical step in continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD), especially in the finite-size regime where worst-case confidence intervals can significantly reduce the achievable secret-key rate. We provide…

We provide a security analysis of continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) with discrete modulation against general attacks in a realistic finite-size regime. To realize this goal, we first prove security of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-21 Jian Zhou , Ying Guo , Duan Huang , Guihua Zeng

We present a method to determine the shot noise in quantum systems from knowledge of their time evolution - the latter being obtained using numerical simulation techniques. While our ultimate goal is the study of interacting systems, the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-18 A. Branschädel , E. Boulat , H. Saleur , P. Schmitteckert

The security proof of continuous variable quantum key distribution(CV QKD) based on two assumptions that the eavesdropper can neither act on the local oscillator nor control Bob's beam splitter. These assumptions maybe invalid in practice…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-14 Jing-Zheng Huang , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Shuang Wang , Hong-Wei Li , Wei Chen , Guan-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han

We consider the security of continuous-variable quantum key distribution using thermal (or noisy) Gaussian resource states. Specifically, we analyze this against collective Gaussian attacks using direct and reverse reconciliation where both…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-17 Christian Weedbrook , Stefano Pirandola , Timothy C. Ralph

Variational quantum dynamics simulations (VQDS) provide a promising route to simulate real- and imaginary-time quantum dynamics on noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices using fixed-depth circuits. However, their practical performance is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Feng Zhang , Niladri Gomes , Joshua Aftergood , Thomas Iadecola , Yong-Xin Yao , Peter P. Orth

In this paper we report a continuous-variable quantum key distribution protocol using multimode coherent states generated on subcarrier frequencies of the optical spectrum. To detect the quadrature components of bosonic field we propose a…

A continuous-variable quantum key distribution protocol based on squeezed states and heterodyne detection is introduced and shown to attain higher secret key rates over a noisy line than any other one-way Gaussian protocol. This increased…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Raul Garcia-Patron , Nicolas J. Cerf

We explore a new security loophole in a practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) system, which is opened by the photorefractive effect of lithium niobate-based (LN-based) modulators. By exploiting this loophole, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-08 Yiliang Wang , Yi Zheng , Chenlei Fang , Haobin Shi , Wei Pan

The field of space communications is the realm of communication technologies where diffraction and atmospheric effects, both of which contribute to loss and noise, become overriding. The pertinent questions here are how and at which rate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-27 Masoud Ghalaii , Stefano Pirandola

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides means for unconditional secure key transmission between two distant parties. However, in practical implementations, it suffers from quantum hacking due to device imperfections. Here we propose a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-07-16 Shi-Hai Sun , Mu-Sheng Jiang , Xiang-Chun Ma , Chun-Yan Li , Lin-Mei Liang

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV QKD) with discrete modulation has attracted increasing attention due to its experimental simplicity, lower-cost implementation and compatibility with classical optical communication.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-27 Zhi-Ping Liu , Min-Gang Zhou , Wen-Bo Liu , Chen-Long Li , Jie Gu , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) is considered to be an alternative to classical cryptography for secure communication. However, its transmission distance is restricted to metropolitan areas, given that it is affected by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-12 Jian Zhou , Duan Huang , Ying Guo

In realistic continuous variable quantum key distribution protocols, an eavesdropper may exploit the additional Gaussian noise generated during transmission to mask her presence. We present a theoretical framework for a post-selection based…

A continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI QKD) protocol using squeezed states is proposed where the two legitimate partners send Gaussian-modulated squeezed states to an untrusted third party to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-20 Yi-Chen Zhang , Zhengyu Li , Song Yu , Wanyi Gu , Xiang Peng , Hong Guo

We present a result of side-channel-secure (SCS) quantum key distribution (QKD) under fully realistic conditions. Our result is not only measurement-device independent but also effective with imperfect (and unstable) source devices…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-23 Cong Jiang , Xiao-Long Hu , Zong-Wen Yu , Xiang-Bin Wang

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) using coherent states and heterodyne detection enables secure quantum communication based on technology that has large similarities to coherent optical telecommunication. Yet, practical…

We expand the recently discussed continuous-variable quantum key distribution scheme of Heid and Luetkenhaus (2006) to qudits with a lossy but noiseless quantum channel. Postselection methods are used. Secret key rates are calculated in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-03-12 Ulrich Seyfarth