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During the High Luminosity programme of the LHC collider (called HL-LHC), planned to start in 2030, the instantaneous luminosity will be increased from \num{\sim 2e34}~\si{cm^{-2}s^{-1}} to an unprecedented figure of about \num{\sim…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-09-07 Lorenzo Damenti

The main physics results obtained by the CMS experiment during the first three years of operation of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (2010--2013, aka. Run 1) are summarized. The advances in our understanding of the fundamental particles and…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2019-08-14 David d'Enterria

Primary cosmic rays when interact with our atmosphere, produce a cascade of lighter secondary particles namely pion, kaon, neutrons, muons, electrons, positrons and neutrinos. Muons are one of the most abundant and easily detectable…

The muon detectors of the experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have to cope with unprecedentedly high neutron and gamma ray background rates. In the forward regions of the muon spectrometer of the ATLAS detector, for instance,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-10-04 B. Bittner , J. Dubbert , O. Kortner , H. Kroha , F. Legger , R. Richter , O. Biebel , A. Engl , R. Hertenberger , F. Rauscher

The CMS silicon tracker consists of two tracking devices utilizing semiconductor technology: the inner pixel and the outer strip detectors. They operate in a high-occupancy and high-radiation environment presented by particle collisions in…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-08-13 Viktor Veszpremi

The CMS detector at the CERN LHC features a silicon pixel detector as its innermost subdetector. The original CMS pixel detector has been replaced with an upgraded pixel system (CMS Phase-1 pixel detector) in the extended year-end technical…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-12-29 The Tracker Group of the CMS Collaboration

Resistive Plate Chambers are used in the ATLAS experiment for the muon trigger and two coordinate measurements in the central region. In preparation for the coming years of LHC running at higher luminosity, besides the New Small Wheel…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-10-30 Lorenzo Massa

The pixel detector of the Compact Muon Solenoid experiment consists of three barrel layers and two disks for each endcap. The detector was installed in summer 2008, commissioned with charge injections, and operated in the 3.8 T magnetic…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2012-08-27 CMS Collaboration

The first Resistive Plate Chambers detectors were developed for cosmic ray experiments, where low rate capability, good time resolution and low cost per unit of area were needed. These same features, except for the low rate capability, were…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-01-29 R. Cardarelli , G. Aielli , E. Alunno Camelia , S. Bruno , A. Caltabiano , P. Camarri , A. Di Ciaccio , B. Liberti , L. Massa , L. Pizzimento , A. Rocchi

This paper presents a streamlined framework for real-time processing and analysis of condition data from the CMS experiment Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC). Leveraging data streaming, it uncovers correlations between RPC performance metrics,…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-04-15 A. Dimitrov , M. Tytgat , K. Mota Amarilo , A. Samalan , K. Skovpen , G. A. Alves , E. Alves Coelho , F. Marujo da Silva , M. Barroso Ferreira Filho , E. M. Da Costa , D. De Jesus Damiao , S. Fonseca De Souza , R. Gomes De Souza , L. Mundim , H. Nogima , J. P. Pinheiro , A. Santoro , M. Thiel , A. Aleksandrov , R. Hadjiiska , P. Iaydjiev , M. Shopova , G. Sultanov , L. Litov , B. Pavlov , P. Petkov , A. Petrov , E. Shumka , P. Cao , W. Diao , Q. Hou , H. Kou , Z. -A. Liu , J. Song , J. Zhao , S. J. Qian , C. Avila , D. A. Barbosa Trujillo , A. Cabrera , C. A. Florez , J. A. Reyes Vega , R. Aly , A. Radi , Y. Assran , I. Crotty , M. A. Mahmoud , M. Gouzevitch , G. Grenier , I. B. Laktineh , L. Mirabito , I. Bagaturia , I. Lomidze , Z. Tsamalaidze , V. Amoozegarp , B. Boghrati , M. Ebrahimi , F. Esfandi , Y. Hosseini , M. Mohammadi Najafabadi , E. Zareian , M. Abbrescia , N. De Filippis , G. Iaselli , F. Loddo , G. Pugliese , D. Ramos , L. Benussi , S. Bianco , S. Meola , D. Piccolo , S. Buontempo , F. Carnevali , F. Fienga , L. Lista , P. Paolucci , A. Braghieri , P. Montagna , C. Riccardi , P. Salvini , P. Vitulo , E. Asilar , T. J. Kim , Y. Ryou , S. Choi , B. Hong , K. S. Lee , J. Goh , J. Shin , Y. Lee , I. Pedraza , C. Uribe Estrada , H. Castilla-Valdez , R. Lopez-Fernandez , A. Sanchez Hernandez , M. Ramirez Garcia , D. L. Ramirez Guadarrama , M. A. Shah , E. Vazquez , N. Zaganidis , A. Ahmad , M. I. Asghar , H. R. Hoorani , S. Muhammad , J. Eysermans

There is strong theoretical motivation for the study of events with 2 same-sign leptons, jets, and missing transverse energy (MET) at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). There are many compelling models, for instance, supersymmetry and extra…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2015-05-14 Ronald Remington

Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs), used for the Muon Spectrometer of the ALICE experiment at CERN LHC, are currently operated in maxi-avalanche mode with a low threshold value and without amplification in the front-end electronics. RPC…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-01-29 Antonio Bianchi

The ALICE Muon IDentifier is composed of 72 single-gap bakelite Resistive Plate Chambers, which have been operational since 2009 in maxi-avalanche mode (discrimination threshold:7 mV without amplification) with a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-03-21 Alessandro Ferretti

The era of High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider will pose unprecedented challenges for detector design and operation. The planned luminosity of the upgraded machine is 5-7.5 x 10$^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$, reaching an integrated luminosity…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-10-17 Erik Butz

A precise and efficient tracking is one of the critical components of the CMS physics program as it impacts the ability to reconstruct the physics objects needed to understand proton-proton collisions at the LHC. The CMS detector has…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-12-14 Walaa Elmetenawee

A combination of scintillator, wavelength shifting (WLS) fiber, and silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) shows an excellent performance in the `$K_{L}$ and $\mu$ detector (KLM)' of the Belle II experiment. In this study, we present the R&D…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-05-22 Hongyu Zhang , Xiyang Wang , Weihu Ma , Shiming Zou , Deqing Fang , Wanbing He , Xiaolong Wang , Zhen Wang , Rui Yuan , Qibin Zheng

In the framework of the High Luminosity LHC upgrade program, the CMS muon group built several different RPC prototypes that are now under test at the new CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility (GIF++). A dedicated Detector Control System has been…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-08-13 Muhammad Gul , Genoveva Gonzalez

The CMS muon system is undergoing substantial upgrades to meet the challenges of the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), including the installation of the new Muon Endcap 0 (ME0) detector. Large-scale production started in 2024. ME0 is a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-03-05 Anureet Kaur

These proceedings report on lepton and photon performance results obtained using data recorded in 2015 and 2016 at the LHC by the two experiments ATLAS and CMS. For each particle (electrons, photons and muons), the reconstruction and…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2017-09-12 Arthur Alexis Jules Lesage

In 2016, the Large Hadron Collider provided proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV center-of-mass energy and achieved very high luminosity and reliability. The performance of the CMS Experiment in this running period and a selection of recent…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2017-09-12 Joel Nathan Butler