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A fundamental fact for the algebraic theory of constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) over a fixed template is that pp-interpretations between at most countable \omega-categorical relational structures have two algebraic counterparts for…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-01-25 Libor Barto , Jakub Opršal , Michael Pinsker

In the constraint satisfaction problem ($CSP$), the aim is to find an assignment of values to a set of variables subject to specified constraints. In the minimum cost homomorphism problem ($MinHom$), one is additionally given weights…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2010-04-06 Rustem Takhanov

A wide range of problems can be modelled as constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs), that is, a set of constraints that must be satisfied simultaneously. Constraints can either be represented extensionally, by explicitly listing allowed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-02-10 Evgenij Thorstensen

What makes a computational problem easy (e.g., in P, that is, solvable in polynomial time) or hard (e.g., NP-hard)? This fundamental question now has a satisfactory answer for a quite broad class of computational problems, so called…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Libor Barto

We study the Constraint Satisfaction Problem CSP(A), where A is first-order definable in (Z;+,1) and contains +. We prove such problems are either in P or NP-complete.

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-07-04 Manuel Bodirsky , Barnaby Martin , Marcello Mamino , Antoine Mottet

We consider the problem of satisfiability of sets of constraints in a given set of finite uniform hypergraphs. While the problem under consideration is similar in nature to the problem of satisfiability of constraints in graphs, the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Antoine Mottet , Tomáš Nagy , Michael Pinsker

These are notes from a multi-year learning seminar on the algebraic approach to Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs). The main topics covered are the theory of algebraic structures with few subpowers, the theory of absorbing subalgebras…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-05-27 Zarathustra Brady

Promise CSPs are a relaxation of constraint satisfaction problems where the goal is to find an assignment satisfying a relaxed version of the constraints. Several well-known problems can be cast as promise CSPs including approximate graph…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2018-07-16 Joshua Brakensiek , Venkatesan Guruswami

The tractability conjecture for finite domain Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs) stated that such CSPs are solvable in polynomial time whenever there is no natural reduction, in some precise technical sense, from the 3-SAT problem;…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Libor Barto , Michael Pinsker

The Promise Constraint Satisfaction Problem (PCSP for short) is a generalization of the well-studied Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP). The PCSP has its roots in such classic problems as the Approximate Graph Coloring and the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Arash Beikmohammadi , Andrei A. Bulatov

We give a complexity dichotomy theorem for the counting Constraint Satisfaction Problem (#CSP in short) with complex weights. To this end, we give three conditions for its tractability. Let F be any finite set of complex-valued functions,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Jin-Yi Cai , Xi Chen

The Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) and its counting counterpart appears under different guises in many areas of mathematics, computer science, and elsewhere. Its structural and algorithmic properties have demonstrated to play a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-15 Raimundo Briceño , Andrei Bulatov , Victor Dalmau , Benoit Larose

A finite constraint language $\mathscr{R}$ is a finite set of relations over some finite domain $A$. We show that intractability of the constraint satisfaction problem $\operatorname{CSP}(\mathscr{R})$ can, in all known cases, be replaced…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-05-02 Lucy Ham , Marcel Jackson

The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) is a general problem central to computer science and artificial intelligence. Although the CSP is NP-hard in general, considerable effort has been spent on identifying tractable subclasses. The main…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-07-09 David A. Cohen , Martin C. Cooper , Páidí Creed , András Z. Salamon

The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) is a computational problem that includes a range of important problems in computer science. We point out that fundamental concepts of the CSP, such as the solution set of an instance and…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-04 Soichiro Fujii , Yuni Iwamasa , Kei Kimura

Inspired by computational complexity results for the quantified constraint satisfaction problem, we study the clones of idempotent polymorphisms of certain digraph classes. Our first results are two algebraic dichotomy, even "gap",…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-05-13 Catarina Carvalho , Florent Madelaine , Barnaby Martin

We establish a framework that allows us to transfer results between some constraint satisfaction problems with infinite templates and promise constraint satisfaction problems. On the one hand, we obtain new algebraic results for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Antoine Mottet

Following the success of the so-called algebraic approach to the study of decision constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs), exact optimization of valued CSPs, and most recently promise CSPs, we propose an algebraic framework for valued…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Libor Barto , Silvia Butti , Alexandr Kazda , Caterina Viola , Stanislav Živný

We study interactions between Skolem Arithmetic and certain classes of Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs). We revisit results of Glass er et al. in the context of CSPs and settle the major open question from that paper, finding a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-04-17 Christian Glasser , Peter Jonsson , Barnaby Martin

Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) is a framework for modeling and solving a variety of real-world problems. Once the problem is expressed as a finite set of constraints, the goal is to find the variables' values satisfying them. Even…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Rachid Oucheikh , Ismail Berrada , Outman El Hichami