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In many scientific disciplines, the features of interest cannot be observed directly, so must instead be inferred from observed behaviour. Latent variable analyses are increasingly employed to systematise these inferences, and Principal…

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has been widely used for dimensionality reduction and feature extraction. Robust PCA (RPCA), under different robust distance metrics, such as l1-norm and l2, p-norm, can deal with noise or outliers to some…

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely employed statistical tool used primarily for dimensionality reduction. However, it is known to be adversely affected by the presence of outlying observations in the sample, which is quite…

Principal component analysis (PCA) is largely adopted for chemical process monitoring and numerous PCA-based systems have been developed to solve various fault detection and diagnosis problems. Since PCA-based methods assume that the…

We show that in a common high-dimensional covariance model, the choice of loss function has a profound effect on optimal estimation. In an asymptotic framework based on the Spiked Covariance model and use of orthogonally invariant…

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a cornerstone of dimensionality reduction, yet its classical formulation relies critically on second-order moments and is therefore fragile in the presence of heavy-tailed data and impulsive noise.…

Principal component analysis (PCA) is often used to reduce the dimension of data by selecting a few orthonormal vectors that explain most of the variance structure of the data. L1 PCA uses the L1 norm to measure error, whereas the…

Suppose we observe data of the form $Y_i = D_i (S_i + \varepsilon_i) \in \mathbb{R}^p$ or $Y_i = D_i S_i + \varepsilon_i \in \mathbb{R}^p$, $i=1,\ldots,n$, where $D_i \in \mathbb{R}^{p\times p}$ are known diagonal matrices, $\varepsilon_i$…

We study principal component analysis (PCA) for mean zero i.i.d. Gaussian observations $X_1,\dots, X_n$ in a separable Hilbert space $\mathbb{H}$ with unknown covariance operator $\Sigma.$ The complexity of the problem is characterized by…

Probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA) is a probabilistic reformulation of principal component analysis (PCA), under the framework of a Gaussian latent variable model. To improve the robustness of PPCA, it has been proposed to…

Conventional principal component analysis (PCA) finds a principal vector that maximizes the sum of second powers of principal components. We consider a generalized PCA that aims at maximizing the sum of an arbitrary convex function of…

Hyperspectral optical imaging provides rich spectral information for estimating continuous environmental and material parameters; however, its high dimensionality and strong feature correlation pose significant challenges for machine…

This work provides a unified analysis of the properties of the sample covariance matrix $\Sigma_n$ over the class of $p\times p$ population covariance matrices $\Sigma$ of reduced effective rank $r_e(\Sigma)$. This class includes scaled…

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a classical method for reducing the dimensionality of data by projecting them onto a subspace that captures most of their variation. Effective use of PCA in modern applications requires understanding…

We seek a generalization of regression and principle component analysis (PCA) in a metric space where data points are distributions metrized by the Wasserstein metric. We recast these analyses as multimarginal optimal transport problems.…

Independent sampling of orthogonal polynomial bases via Monte Carlo is of interest for uncertainty quantification of models, using Polynomial Chaos (PC) expansions. It is known that bounding the spectral radius of a random matrix consisting…

Principal component analysis (PCA) is commonly used in genetics to infer and visualize population structure and admixture between populations. PCA is often interpreted in a way similar to inferred admixture proportions, where it is assumed…

We present quasicyclic principal component analysis (QPCA), a generalization of principal component analysis (PCA), that determines an optimized basis for a dataset in terms of families of shift-orthogonal principal vectors. This is of…

Popular methods for modeling data both labelled and unlabeled, multiple regression and PCA has been used in research for a vast number of datasets. In this investigation, we attempt to push the limits of these two methods by running a fit…

This chapter reviews methods for linear shrinkage of the sample covariance matrix (SCM) and matrices (SCM-s) under elliptical distributions in single and multiple populations settings, respectively. In the single sample setting a popular…