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A quantum measurement involves energy exchanges between the system to be measured and the measuring apparatus. Some of them involve energy losses, for example because energy is dissipated into the environment or is spent in recording the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-10 Guillermo Perna , Esteban Calzetta

We propose a formulation of quantum measurement within a modified framework of frames, in which a quantum system - a single qubit - is directly coupled to a classical measurement bit. The qubit is represented as a positive probability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-04 Dagomir Kaszlikowski , Pawel Kurzynski

The kind of information provided by a measurement is determined in terms of the correlation established between observables of the apparatus and the measured system. Using the framework of quantum measurement theory, necessary and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Paul Busch , Pekka Lahti

The quantum mechanics postulate called the Born Rule attributes a probabilistic meaning to a wave function. This paper derives the Born Rule from other quantum principles along with a model of the measurement process. The nondeterministic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-22 Alan Schaum

A new, realist interpretation of the quantum measurement processes is given. In this scenario a quantum measurement is a non-equilibrium phase transition in a ``resonant cavity'' formed by the entire physical universe including all its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Xiaolei Zhang

Theory of quantum measurements is often classified as decision theory. An event in decision theory corresponds to the measurement of an observable. This analogy looks clear for operationally testable simple events. However, the situation is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-24 V. I. Yukalov , D. Sornette

We study the extent to which the outcomes of a quantum measurement can be manipulated by changing the state of the measurement apparatus. The measurement process is modeled as decoherence induced by the experimenter, to gain knowledge about…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-29 Muzaffar Qadir Lone , Chris Nagele , Brad Weslake , Tim Byrnes

We define a measuring device (detector) of the coordinate of quantum particle as an absorbing wall that cuts off the particle's wave function. The wave function in the presence of such detector vanishes on the detector. The trace the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 A. Marchewka , Z. Schuss

Measurement is one of the key concepts which discriminates classical and quantum physics. Unlike classical systems, a measurement on a quantum system typically alters it drastically as a result of wave function collapse. Here we suggest…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-18 Abolfazl Bayat , Bedoor Alkurtass , Pasquale Sodano , Henrik Johannesson , Sougato Bose

This tutorial is devoted to review the modern tools of quantum mechanics, which are suitable to describe states, measurements, and operations of realistic, not isolated, systems in interaction with their environment, and with any kind of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 Matteo G. A. Paris

We show that it is possible to explain the quantum measurement process within the framework of quantum mechanics without any additional postulates. The key concept of the theory is decoherence, which appears as an inherent characteristic of…

General Physics · Physics 2019-11-01 Riuji Mochizuki

Quantum-mechanical constraints on information transfer in measuring systems and their influence on measurement results studied. As the example, measurement of binary observable $S_z$ of object $\cal S$ by measuring apparatus $\cal A$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-22 S. Mayburov

We present a set of exact system solutions to a model we developed to study wave function collapse in the quantum spin measurement process. Specifically, we calculated the wave function evolution for a simple harmonic oscillator of spin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-13 Li Hua Yu

We attempt to contribute some novel points of view to the "foundations of quantum mechanics", using mathematical tools from "quantum probability theory" (such as the theory of operator algebras). We first introduce an abstract algebraic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-08 J. Fröhlich , B. Schubnel

Measurement connects the world of quantum phenomena to the world of classical events. It plays both a passive role, observing quantum systems, and an active one, preparing quantum states and controlling them. Surprisingly - in the light of…

A new approach to the problem of measurement in quantum mechanics is proposed. In this approach, the process of measurement is described in the Heisenberg picture and divided into two stages. The first stage is to transduce the measured…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Masanao Ozawa

Developing an earlier proposal (Ne'eman, Damnjanovic, etc), we show herein that there is a Landau continuous phase transition from the exact quantum dynamics to the effectively classical one, occurring via spontaneous superposition breaking…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Vladan Pankovic , Tristan Hubsch , Milan Predojevic , Miodrag Krmar

Quantum Measurements regarded in Systems Selfdescription framework for measuring system (MS) consist of measured state S environment E and observer $O$ processing input S signal. $O$ regarded as quantum object which interaction with S,E…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Mayburov

We prove that the quantum measurement process contains the same warping mechanism that occurs in categorical perception, a phenomenon ubiquitous in human perception. This warping causes stimuli belonging to the same category to be perceived…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-05-05 Diederik Aerts , Jonito Aerts Arguëlles , Sandro Sozzo

Even though measurement results obtained in the real world are generally both noisy and continuous, quantum measurement theory tends to emphasize the ideal limit of perfect precision and quantized measurement results. In this article, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 Holger F. Hofmann
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