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A general, exact formula is derived for the expectation value of the electromagnetic energy density of an inhomogeneous absorbing and dispersive dielectric medium in thermal equilibrium, assuming that the medium is well approximated as a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 F. S. S. Rosa , D. A. R. Dalvit , P. W. Milonni

Many materials of contemporary interest, such as gels, biological tissues and elastomers, are easily deformed but essentially incompressible. Traditional linear theory of elasticity implements incompressibility only to first order and thus…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-22 J. S. Biggins , Z. Wei , L. Mahadevan

The classical electromagnetic self-force on an arbitrary time-dependent electric or magnetic dipole moving with constant velocity in vacuum, and in a medium, is considered. Of course, in vacuum there is no net force on such a particle.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-01-04 Kimball A. Milton , Hannah Day , Yang Li , Xin Guo , Gerard Kennedy

The form of the energy-momentum tensor when a quasimonochromatic field propagates into and through an antireflection-coated, sourceless, transparent, continuous, linear magneto-dielectric medium, initially at rest in the local frame,…

Optics · Physics 2022-11-21 Michael E. Crenshaw

After more than a century of debate, there remains continuing discomfort over what is the correct expression for the electromagnetic momentum in a dielectric medium. This is the so-called the Minkowski-Abraham controversy. We show that…

Classical Physics · Physics 2017-07-05 Joseph J. Bisognano

Exact finite-energy solutions to the nonlinear governing equations of the Born-Infeld theory of electrodynamics, describing continuous distributions of electric, magnetic, and dyonic charge sources, in both classical and generalized…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-12-10 Yisong Yang

We establish a general relation between dispersion forces. First, based on QED in causal media, leading-order perturbation theory is used to express both the single-atom Casimir-Polder and the two-atom van der Waals potentials in terms of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-06-12 Stefan Yoshi Buhmann , Hassan Safari , Dirk-Gunnar Welsch , Ho Trung Dung

We derive the force of the electromagnetic radiation on material objects by a direct application of the Lorentz law of classical electro-dynamics. The derivation is straightforward in the case of solid metals and solid dielectrics, where…

Optics · Physics 2013-12-12 Masud Mansuripur

An efficient route to the displacement field around a rigid spherical inclusion in an infinitely extended homogeneous elastic medium is presented in a slightly alternative way when compared to some common textbook methods. Moreover, two…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-05-10 Mate Puljiz , Andreas M. Menzel

The derivation of Casimir forces between dielectrics can be simplified by ignoring absorption, calculating energy changes due to displacements of the dielectrics, and only then admitting absorption by allowing permittivities to be complex.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-04-06 F. S. S. Rosa , D. A. R. Dalvit , P. W. Milonni

The basic continuum model for polar fluids is deceptively simple. The free energy integral consists of four terms: The coupling of polarization to an external field, the electrostatic energy of the induced electric field interacting with…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-12-22 Michiel Sprik

In soft amorphous solids, localized irreversible (plastic) stress dissipation occurs as a response to external forcings. A crucial question is whether we can identify structural properties linked to a region's propensity to undergo a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-02-24 Anier Hernandez-Garcia

Vacuum-energy calculations with ideal reflecting boundaries are plagued by boundary divergences, which presumably correspond to real (but finite) physical effects occurring near the boundary. Our working hypothesis is that the stress tensor…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-05 Ricardo Estrada , Stephen A. Fulling , Fernando D. Mera

Explicit expressions, for efficient application in engineering practice, are derived for generalized displacements and stresses in simply supported multi-layered wide plates and beams subjected to steady-state thermal and mechanical…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-03-16 M. Pelassa , R. Massabo

We adapt the well known "displace, cut and reflect" method to construct exact solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations corresponding to infinitesimally thin disks of matter endowed with dipole magnetic fields, which are entirely…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-07-04 Vanessa P. de Freitas , Alberto Saa

It is shown that the hypercomplex Dirac equation describes the system of connected fields: 4-scalar, 4-pseudoscalar, 4-vector, 4-pseudo-vector and antisymmetric 4-tensor second rank field. If mass is assumed to be zero this system splits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 K. S. Karplyuk , O. O. Zhmudskyy

Dispersion lies at the heart of real-time signal processing systems across the entire electromagnetic spectrum from radio to optics. However, the performance and applicability of such systems have been severely plagued by distortions due to…

Optics · Physics 2016-01-08 Shulabh Gupta , Christophe Caloz

The total momentum of a thermodynamically closed system is unique, as is the total energy. Nevertheless, there is continuing confusion concerning the correct form of the momentum and the energy-momentum tensor for an electromagnetic field…

Optics · Physics 2015-02-12 Michael E. Crenshaw , Thomas B. Bahder

The description of dispersion forces within the framework of macroscopic quantum electrodynamics in linear, dispersing, and absorbing media combines the benefits of approaches based on normal-mode techniques of standard quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-01-04 Stefan Yoshi Buhmann , Dirk-Gunnar Welsch

Consider a sequence of masses $m_0,m_1,...$ arriving uniformly at random at some points $u_0,u_1,...$ on the unit circle $\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}$ (or on $\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z}$, in the discrete version). Upon arrival, each mass undergoes a…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-02 Jean-François Marckert , Zoé Varin