Related papers: Trace element distribution in human teeth by x-ray…
Electromechanical imaging of tooth dentin and enamel has been performed with sub-10 nm resolution using piezoresponse force microscopy. Characteristic piezoelectric domain size and local protein fiber ordering in dentin have been…
Teeth segmentation is an essential task in dental image analysis for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. While supervised deep learning methods can be utilized for teeth segmentation, they often require extensive manual annotation of…
X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) generate sequences of ultra-short, spatially coherent pulses of x-ray radiation. We propose the diffraction focusing spectrometer (DFS), which is able to measure the whole energy spectrum of the radiation…
Advances in our ability to understand and utilize the world around us have always relied on the development of advanced tools for probing and manipulating materials properties. X-ray matter interactions played a critical role in the…
To investigate the anisotropic properties of biomaterials, two distinct classes are considered: polymer-based (e.g., cellulose in plants) and crystalline-based (e.g., enamel in teeth), each demonstrating distinct structural and functional…
Vertebral fractures prediction in clinics lacks of accuracy. The most used scores have limitations in distinguishing between subjects at risk or not. Finite element (FE) models generated from computed tomography (CT) of these patients may…
Osteoporosis and osteopenia remain vastly underdiagnosed. Current clinical screening relies almost exclusively on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), which measures bone mineral density (BMD) but fails to capture the compositional…
We report on results from an experiment at the European XFEL where we measured the x-ray Thomson scattering (XRTS) spectrum of single crystal silicon with ultrahigh resolution. Compared to similar previous experiments, we consider a more…
Transient X-ray absorption techniques can measure ultrafast dynamics of the elemental edges in a material or multiple layer junction, giving them immense potential for deconvoluting concurrent processes. However, the interpretation of the…
Microstructural characterization of synthetic periodic multilayers by x-ray standing waves have been presented. It has been shown that the analysis of multilayers by combined x-ray reflectometry (XRR) and x-ray standing wave (XSW)…
Elemental mapping images can be achieved through step scanning imaging using pinhole optics or micro pore optics (MPO), or alternatively by full-field X-ray fluorescence imaging (FF-XRF). X-ray optics for FF-XRF can be manufactured with…
Introduction. The aim is to provide a summary of methods available for the assessment of tear turnover and tear clearance rates. The review defines tear clearance and tear turnover and describes their implication for ocular surface health.…
Dental diseases have a significant impact on a considerable portion of the population, leading to various health issues that can detrimentally affect individuals' overall well-being. The integration of automated systems in oral healthcare…
We demonstrate a strategy for simulating wide-range X-ray scattering patterns, which spans the small- and wide scattering angles as well as the scattering angles typically used for Pair Distribution Function (PDF) analysis. Such simulated…
A Round Robin study has been carried out to estimate the impact of the human element in small-angle scattering data analysis. Four corrected datasets were provided to participants ready for analysis. All datasets were measured on samples…
In recent years animal diet has been receiving increased attention, in particular examining the impact of pasture-based feeding strategies on the quality of milk and dairy products, in line with the increased prevalence of grass-fed dairy…
Amorphous, glass, and glass-ceramic materials practically always include a significant number (more than eight) of crystalline phases, with the contents of the latter ranging from a few wt.% to several hundredths or tenths of wt.%. The…
Most material discrimination in security inspections is based on dual-energy x-ray imaging, which enables the determination of a material's effective atomic number (Zeff) as well as electron density and its consequent classification as…
A formerly developed method aimed at determining the constituents of a merged X-ray pattern doublet was applied to estimate the fact that low-carbon martensite with high concentration of strong carbide-forming elements possesses abnormally…
Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTS) has been widely used as an analytical tool for many applications in science and engineering. In this paper, we describe the operation principle and practical implementation of an FTS prototype. First,…