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We derive the Boltzmann equation in the context of a gravity theory with non-minimal coupling between matter and curvature. We show that as the energy-momentum tensor is not conserved in these theories, it follows a condition on the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-10-28 Orfeu Bertolami , Cláudio Gomes

Indistinguishability of particles is normally considered to be an inherently quantum property which cannot be possessed by a classical theory. However, Saunders has argued that this is incorrect, and that classically indistinguishable…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Daniel Gottesman

Bohmian mechanics is the most naively obvious embedding imaginable of Schr\"odinger's equation into a completely coherent physical theory. It describes a world in which particles move in a highly non-Newtonian sort of way, one which may at…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 K. Berndl , M. Daumer , D. Dürr , S. Goldstein , N. Zanghi

The study of environmentally induced superselection and of the process of decoherence was originally motivated by the search for the emergence of classical behavior out of the quantum substrate, in the macroscopic limit. This limit, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 J. R. Anglin , J. P. Paz , W. H. Zurek

Peculiar measurements can be obtained on systems that undergo both pre- and post-selection. We prove a conjecture from [1] on logical Pre- and Post-Selection (PPS) paradoxes for a restricted case. We prove that all of these paradoxes admit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-23 Ouissal Moumou

This article aims at revisiting, with the aid of simple and neat numerical examples, some of the basic features of macroscopic irreversibility, and, thus, of the mechanical foundation of the second principle of thermodynamics as drawn by…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-11-12 Luca Cerino , Fabio Cecconi , Massimo Cencini , Angelo Vulpiani

This paper investigates the combinatorics that gives rise to the Boltzmann probability distribution. Despite being one of the most important distributions in physics and other fields of science, the mathematics of the underlying model of…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-09 Bart Jacobs

We attempt to clarify the main conceptual issues in approaches to `objectification' or `measurement' in quantum mechanics which are based on superselection rules. Such approaches venture to derive the emergence of classical `reality'…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 N. P. Landsman

This paper presents a theory of systemic undecidability, reframing incomputability as a structural property of systems rather than a localized feature of specific functions or problems. We define a notion of causal embedding and prove a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Seth Bulin

In this paper we propose a novel approach to construct macroscopic balance equations and constitutive equations describing various irreversible phenomena. It is based on the general principles of non-equilibrium thermodynamics and consists…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-11-27 Liu Hong , Zaibao Yang , Yi Zhu , Wen-An Yong

Similarly to the derivation of the Gibbs-Boltzmann distribution for structureless indistinguishable particles, we consider multi-particle systems some of which are contained (or delimited) inside others (Problem 1), as well as systems of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-07-19 Michael Romanovsky

We study a quantum theory based on two assumptions: In the intrinsic frame of reference of an isolated, macroscopic system, (i) the system has no global motion and is not entangled with any other system, (ii) time evolution of statevectors…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Wen-ge Wang

Selection of the preferred classical set of states in the process of decoherence -- so important for cosmological considerations -- is discussed with an emphasis on the role of information loss and entropy. {\it Persistence of correlations}…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Wojciech H. Zurek

Proposed derivations of the Born rule for Everettian theory are controversial. I argue that they are unnecessary but may provide justification for a simplified version of the Principal Principle. It's also unnecessary to replace Everett's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-11 Paul Tappenden

Are your perceptions, memories and observational data, a statistical fluctuation out of the thermal equilibrium of the universe, having no correlation with the actual past state of the universe? Arguments are given in the literature for and…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 David Wolpert , Carlo Rovelli , Jordan Scharnhorst

In this report we discuss the organization of different levels of nature and the corresponding space-time structures by the consideration of a particular problem of time irreversibility. The fundamental time irreversibility problem consists…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-03-03 A. S. Trushechkin

The observed general time-asymmetric behavior of macroscopic systems -- embodied in the second law of thermodynamics -- arises naturally from time-symmetric microscopic laws due to the great disparity between macro and micro-scales. More…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Joel L. Lebowitz

We propose an extended structural dynamics framework that enriches classical mechanics by treating particle orientation and internal structure as fundamental phase-space coordinates. This extension preserves Hamiltonian structure and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-04 Patrick BarAvi

The dynamics of irreversible relaxation of non-equilibrium macroscopic systems is discussed. Arguments are developed showing that the general process is supported by two independent successive mechanisms. One is mixing and it follows pure…

chao-dyn · Physics 2008-02-03 X de Hemptinne

We introduce and investigate a simple model of conditional quantum dynamics. It allows for a discussion of the information-theoretic aspects of quantum measurements, decoherence, and environment-induced superselection (einselection).

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-27 W. H. Zurek