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This Element offers a practical guide to estimating conditional marginal effects-how treatment effects vary with a moderating variable-using modern statistical methods. Commonly used approaches, such as linear interaction models, often…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-21 Jiehan Liu , Ziyi Liu , Yiqing Xu

Named entity recognition is a challenging task in Natural Language Processing, especially for informal and noisy social media text. Chinese word boundaries are also entity boundaries, therefore, named entity recognition for Chinese text can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-28 Zhaoheng Gong , Ping Chen , Jiang Zhou

Immersed boundary methods are extensively used for simulations of dynamic solid objects interacting with fluids due to their computational efficiency and modelling flexibility compared to body-fitted grid methods. However, thin geometries,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-03-14 Marin Lauber , Gabriel D. Weymouth , Georges Limbert

We give an approach for characterizing interference by lower bounding the number of units whose outcome depends on selected groups of treated individuals, such as depending on the treatment of others, or others who are at least a certain…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-04 David Choi

A geometric representation for multivariate extremes, based on the shapes of scaled sample clouds in light-tailed margins and their so-called limit sets, has recently been shown to connect several existing extremal dependence concepts.…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-03 Jennifer Wadsworth , Ryan Campbell

Neural networks (NNs) are now routinely implemented on systems that must operate in uncertain environments, but the tools for formally analyzing how this uncertainty propagates to NN outputs are not yet commonplace. Computing tight bounds…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Michael Everett , Golnaz Habibi , Jonathan P. How

We decrease the $rms$ mean curvature and area of a variable surface with a fixed boundary by iterating a few times through a curvature-based variational algorithm. For a boundary with a known minimal surface, starting with a deliberately…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2018-03-28 Daud Ahmad , Bilal Masud

The NURBS-enhanced finite element method (NEFEM) combined with a hybridisable discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) approach is presented for the first time. The proposed technique completely eliminates the uncertainty induced by a polynomial…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-01-09 Ruben Sevilla , Antonio Huerta

This manuscript presents a new extended linear system for integral equation based techniques for solving boundary value problems on locally perturbed geometries. The new extended linear system is similar to a previously presented technique…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-17 Yabin Zhang , Adrianna Gillman

This paper introduces new methodology to triangulate dynamic Bayesian networks (DBNs) and dynamic graphical models (DGMs). While most methods to triangulate such networks use some form of constrained elimination scheme based on properties…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-12-12 Jeff A. Bilmes , Chris Bartels

We develop a parametric cut finite element method for elliptic boundary value problems with corner singularities where we have weighted control of higher order derivatives of the solution to a neighborhood of a point at the boundary. Our…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-06-04 Tobias Jonsson , Mats G. Larson , Karl Larsson

We derive a numerical method, based on operator splitting, to abstract parabolic semilinear boundary coupled systems. The method decouples the linear components which describe the coupling and the dynamics in the bulk and on the surface,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-10-19 Petra Csomós , Bálint Farkas , Balázs Kovács

Neural networks are powerful predictive models, but they provide little insight into the nature of relationships between predictors and outcomes. Although numerous methods have been proposed to quantify the relative contributions of input…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-30 Francesca Mandel , Ian Barnett

Neural networks are commonly used in safety-critical real-world applications. Unfortunately, the predicted output is often highly sensitive to small, and possibly imperceptible, changes to the input data. Proving that either no such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Christopher Brix , Thomas Noll

The efficiency of boundary element methods depends crucially on the time required for setting up the stiffness matrix. The far-field part of the matrix can be approximated by compression schemes like the fast multipole method or…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2017-10-19 Steffen Börm , Sven Christophersen

In this work, we propose an extension of the mixed Virtual Element Method (VEM) for bi-dimensional computational grids with curvilinear edge elements. The approximation by means of rectilinear edges of a domain with curvilinear geometrical…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-09-01 Franco Dassi , Alessio Fumagalli , Davide Losapio , Stefano Scialò , Anna Scotti , Giuseppe Vacca

To address the challenge of segmenting noisy images with blurred or fragmented boundaries, this paper presents a robust version of Variational Model Based Tailored UNet (VM_TUNet), a hybrid framework that integrates variational methods with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Kaili Qi , Zhongyi Huang , Wenli Yang

In the context of adaptive remeshing, the virtual element method provides significant advantages over the finite element method. The attractive features of the virtual element method, such as the permission of arbitrary element geometries,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-08-16 Daniel van Huyssteen , Felipe Lopez Rivarola , Guillermo Etse , Paul Steinmann

Although Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have shown incredible performance in perceptive and control tasks, several trustworthy issues are still open. One of the most discussed topics is the existence of adversarial perturbations, which has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Fabio Brau , Giulio Rossolini , Alessandro Biondi , Giorgio Buttazzo

This work presents a Boundary Element Method (BEM) formulation for contactless electromagnetic field assessments. The new scheme is based on a regularized BEM approach that requires the use of electric measurements only. The regularization…

Medical Physics · Physics 2017-03-08 Rajendra Mitharwal , Francesco P. Andriulli