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Randomness is a crucial resource for a broad range of important applications, such as Monte Carlo simulation and computation, generative artificial intelligence and cryptography. But what is randomness? A widely accepted definition has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-01 Mario Stipčević

Random numbers sequences (RNSs) play a vital role in various scientific and engineering applications. They are critical to the integrity of classical and quantum cryptography, the accuracy of mathematical modeling and Monte Carlo…

We consider recursive decoding techniques for RM codes, their subcodes, and newly designed codes. For moderate lengths up to 512, we obtain near-optimum decoding with feasible complexity.

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-03-17 Ilya Dumer , Kirill Shabunov

This paper investigates the effect of permutations on blocks of a prime reciprocal sequence on its randomness. A relationship between the number of permutations used and the improvement of performance is presented. This can be used as a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-02-02 Sindhu Chitikela , Subhash Kak

A Pseudo-Random Number Generator (PRNG) is any algorithm generating a sequence of numbers approximating properties of random numbers. These numbers are widely employed in mid-level cryptography and in software applications. Test suites are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Luca Pasqualini , Maurizio Parton

This article proposes the use of pseudorandom decimal sequences that have gone through an additional random mapping for the design of cryptographic keys. These sequences are generated by starting with inverse prime expansions in base 3 and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-07-03 B. Prashanth Reddy

We investigate the risk of overestimating the performance gain when applying neural network based receivers in systems with pseudo random bit sequences or with limited memory depths, resulting in repeated short patterns. We show that with…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-09-29 Tobias A. Eriksson , Henning Bülow , Andreas Leven

We present a method to increase the dynamical range of a Residue Number System (RNS) by adding virtual RNS layers on top of the original RNS, where the required modular arithmetic for a modulus on any non-bottom layer is implemented by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-01-24 Henk D. L. Hollmann , Ronald Rietman , Sebastiaan de Hoogh , Ludo M. G. M. Tolhuizen , Paul Gorissen

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have been proven to be effective in modeling sequential data and they have been applied to boost a variety of tasks such as document classification, speech recognition and machine translation. Most of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Zhiwei Wang , Yao Ma , Dawei Yin , Jiliang Tang

Recurrent neural network (RNN) and connectionist temporal classification (CTC) have showed successes in many sequence labeling tasks with the strong ability of dealing with the problems where the alignment between the inputs and the target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-10 Hongjian Zhan , Qingqing Wang , Yue Lu

We present algorithms for generating small random samples without replacement. We consider two cases. We present an algorithm for sampling a pair of distinct integers, and an algorithm for sampling a triple of distinct integers. The…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Vincent A. Cicirello

We present a new secret sharing algorithm that provides the storage efficiency of an Information Dispersal Algorithm (IDA) while providing perfect secret sharing. We achieve this by mixing the input message with random bytes generated using…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Arvind Srinivasan , Chien-Chung Chan

Current discrete randomness and information conservation inequalities are over total recursive functions, i.e. restricted to deterministic processing. This restriction implies that an algorithm can break algorithmic randomness conservation…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-10-15 Samuel Epstein

This note introduces a code snippet in R aiming to generate necklaces as well as bracelets. Among various uses, necklaces are useful tools to manage traces of products of random matrices. Functionality for necklaces and bracelets is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-14 Elvira Di Nardo , Giuseppe Guarino

Neural networks are widely used in machine learning and data mining. Typically, these networks need to be trained, implying the adjustment of weights (parameters) within the network based on the input data. In this work, we propose a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Xiaosheng Li , Wenjie Xi , Jessica Lin

We present an algorithm for effectively generating binary sequences which would be rated by people as highly likely to have been generated by a random process, such as flipping a fair coin.

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2008-10-05 Yasmine B. Sanderson

This paper presents a class of random orthogonal sequences associated with the number theoretic Hilbert transform. We present a constructive procedure for finding the random sequences for different modulus values. These random sequences…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-11-28 Subhash Kak

Ultrafast physical random bit generation at hundreds of Gb/s rates, with verified randomness, is a crucial ingredient in secure communication and have recently emerged using optics based physical systems. Here we examine the inverse problem…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-05 Shira Sardi , Herut Uzan , Shiri Otmazgin , Yaara Aviad , Michael Rosenbluh , Ido Kanter

This paper investigates the randomness properties of a function of the divisor pairs of a natural number. This function, the antecedents of which go to very ancient times, has randomness properties that can find applications in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-11-22 Subhash Kak

The distributions of the $m$-th longest runs of multivariate random sequences are considered. For random sequences made up of $k$ kinds of letters, the lengths of the runs are sorted in two ways to give two definitions of run length…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-06 Yong Kong