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To learn (statistical) dependencies among random variables requires exponentially large sample size in the number of observed random variables if any arbitrary joint probability distribution can occur. We consider the case that sparse data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Dominik Janzing , Daniel Herrmann

Driven by growing interest in the sciences, industry, and among the broader public, a large number of empirical studies have been conducted in recent years of the structure of networks ranging from the internet and the world wide web to…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-06-08 M. E. J. Newman

We study evolving networks based on the Barabasi-Albert scale-free network model with vertices sensitive to overload breakdown. The load of a vertex is defined as the betweenness centrality of the vertex. Two cases of load limitation are…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2009-11-07 Petter Holme , Beom Jun Kim

We introduce the concept of boundaries of a complex network as the set of nodes at distance larger than the mean distance from a given node in the network. We study the statistical properties of the boundaries nodes of complex networks. We…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Jia Shao , Sergey V. Buldyrev , Reuven Cohen , Maksim Kitsak , Shlomo Havlin , H. Eugene Stanley

Misinformation is pervasive in natural, biological, social, and engineered systems, yet its quantitative characterization remains challenging. We develop a general mathematical framework for quantifying information distortion in distributed…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-03-03 Saikat Sur , Rohitashwa Chattopadhyay , Jens Christian Claussen , Archan Mukhopadhyay

In this paper we introduce a general framework for the study of limits of relational structures in general and graphs in particular, which is based on a combination of model theory and (functional) analysis. We show how the various…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-04-23 Jaroslav Nesetril , Patrice Ossona De Mendez

Networked structures arise in a wide array of different contexts such as technological and transportation infrastructures, social phenomena, and biological systems. These highly interconnected systems have recently been the focus of a great…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 Alain Barrat , Marc Barthelemy , Romualdo Pastor-Satorras , Alessandro Vespignani

Complex networks, modeled as large graphs, received much attention during these last years. However, data on such networks is only available through intricate measurement procedures. Until recently, most studies assumed that these…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Matthieu Latapy , Clemence Magnien

Detecting the dimensionality of graphs is a central topic in machine learning. While the problem has been tackled empirically as well as theoretically, existing methods have several drawbacks. On the one hand, empirical tools are…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Tobias Friedrich , Andreas Göbel , Maximilian Katzmann , Leon Schiller

We study conditional independence relationships for random networks and their interplay with exchangeability. We show that, for finitely exchangeable network models, the empirical subgraph densities are maximum likelihood estimates of their…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-11-22 Steffen Lauritzen , Alessandro Rinaldo , Kayvan Sadeghi

Models of complex networks often incorporate node-intrinsic properties abstracted as hidden variables. The probability of connections in the network is then a function of these variables. Real-world networks evolve over time, and many…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-05-19 Harrison Hartle , Fragkiskos Papadopoulos , Dmitri Krioukov

Network complexity has been studied for over half a century and has found a wide range of applications. Many methods have been developed to characterize and estimate the complexity of networks. However, there has been little research with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-13 Yann Issartel

Recent work on the internet, social networks, and the power grid has addressed the resilience of these networks to either random or targeted deletion of network nodes. Such deletions include, for example, the failure of internet routers or…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 D. S. Callaway , M. E. J. Newman , S. H. Strogatz , D. J. Watts

Designing well-connected graphs is a fundamental problem that frequently arises in various contexts across science and engineering. The weighted number of spanning trees, as a connectivity measure, emerges in numerous problems and plays a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-04-13 Kasra Khosoussi , Gaurav S. Sukhatme , Shoudong Huang , Gamini Dissanayake

Networks observed in the real world often have many short loops. This violates the tree-like assumption that underpins the majority of random graph models and most of the methods used for their analysis. In this paper we sketch possible…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2014-04-11 Ekaterina Roberts , Anthonius Coolen

The brain is a highly complex system. Most of such complexity stems from the intermingled connections between its parts, which give rise to rich dynamics and to the emergence of high-level cognitive functions. Disentangling the underlying…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-08-14 Vito Dichio , Fabrizio De Vico Fallani

Real-world networks exhibit prominent hierarchical and modular structures, with various subgraphs as building blocks. Most existing studies simply consider distinct subgraphs as motifs and use only their numbers to characterize the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Qi Xuan , Jinhuan Wang , Minghao Zhao , Junkun Yuan , Chenbo Fu , Zhongyuan Ruan , Guanrong Chen

Directed networks are conveniently represented as graphs in which ordered edges encode interactions between vertices. Despite their wide availability, there is a shortage of statistical models amenable for inference, specially when…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-05 Stefan Stein , Chenlei Leng

We investigate how the graph topology influences the robustness to noise in undirected linear consensus networks. We measure the structural robustness by using the smallest possible value of steady state population variance of states under…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-18 Yasin Yazicioglu , Waseem Abbas , Mudassir Shabbir

Many real networks are equipped with short diameters, high clustering, and power-law degree distributions. With preferential attachment and network growth, the model by Barabasi and Albert simultaneously reproduces these properties, and…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Naoki Masuda , Hiroyoshi Miwa , Norio Konno