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Mathematical diffraction theory is concerned with the analysis of the diffraction measure of a translation bounded complex measure $\omega$. It emerges as the Fourier transform of the autocorrelation measure of $\omega$. The mathematically…

Heavy particles in turbulent flows have been shown to accumulate in regions of high strain rate or low vorticity, a process otherwise known as preferential concentration. This can be observed in geophysical flows, and is inferred to occur…

This paper presents results of combining (i) theoretical analysis regarding connections between the orientation selectivity and the elongation of receptive fields for the affine Gaussian derivative model with (ii) biological measurements of…

Rotation augmentations generally improve a model's invariance/equivariance to rotation - except in object detection. In object detection the shape is not known, therefore rotation creates a label ambiguity. We show that the de-facto method…

We explore the oscillatory behavior observed in inversion methods applied to large-scale text-to-image diffusion models, with a focus on the "Flux" model. By employing a fixed-point-inspired iterative approach to invert real-world images,…

This article gives an overview of a normative computational theory of visual receptive fields, by which idealized functional models of early spatial, spatio-chromatic and spatio-temporal receptive fields can be derived in an axiomatic way…

We describe a numerical algorithm which simulates the propagation of light in inhomogeneous universes, using the multiple lens-plane method. The deformation and deflection of light beams as they interact with each lens plane are computed…

Fovea localization is one of the most popular tasks in ophthalmic medical image analysis, where the coordinates of the center point of the macula lutea, i.e. fovea centralis, should be calculated based on color fundus images. In this work,…

Brain representations of curvature may be formed on the basis of either vision or touch. Experimental and theoretical work by the author and her colleagues has shown that the processing underlying such representations directly depends on…

Uncertainty estimation in deep models is essential in many real-world applications and has benefited from developments over the last several years. Recent evidence suggests that existing solutions dependent on simple Gaussian formulations…

The quadratic complexity of self-attention in Transformers has hindered the processing of long text. To alleviate this problem, previous works have proposed to sparsify the attention matrix, taking advantage of the observation that crucial…

The cerebrum of mammals spans a vast range of sizes and yet has a very regular structure. The amount of folding of the cortical surface and the proportion of white matter gradually increase with size, but the underlying mechanisms remain…

A recently proposed model observer mimics the foveated nature of the human visual system by processing the entire image with varying spatial detail, executing eye movements and scrolling through slices. The model can predict how human…

We study Boolean functions of an arbitrary number of input variables that can be realized by simple iterative constructions based on constant-size primitives. This restricted type of construction needs little global coordination or control…

Recently, many benchmarks and datasets have been developed to evaluate Vision-Language Models (VLMs) using visual question answering (VQA) pairs, and models have shown significant accuracy improvements. However, these benchmarks rarely test…

Humans share with many animal species the ability to perceive and approximately represent the number of objects in visual scenes. This ability improves throughout childhood, suggesting that learning and development play a key role in…

Representations in the auditory cortex might be based on mechanisms similar to the visual ventral stream; modules for building invariance to transformations and multiple layers for compositionality and selectivity. In this paper we propose…

Covariate-adaptive randomization is widely employed to balance baseline covariates in interventional studies such as clinical trials and experiments in development economics. Recent years have witnessed substantial progress in inference…

A number of scientists suggested that human visual perception may emerge from image statistics, shaping efficient neural representations in early vision. In this work, a bio-inspired architecture that can accommodate several known facts in…

Research and medicine rely on non-invasive optical techniques to image living tissue with high resolution in space and time. But so far a single data acquisition could not provide entirely diffraction-limited tomographic volumes of rapidly…