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Data assimilation refers to the process of obtaining an estimate of a system's state using a model for the system's time evolution and a time series of measurements that are possibly noisy and incomplete. However, for practical reasons, the…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2007-05-23 Matthew Cornick , Brian Hunt , Edward Ott , Michael F. Schatz

We consider a non-linear filtering problem, whereby the signal obeys the stochastic Navier-Stokes equations and is observed through a linear mapping with additive noise. The setup is relevant to data assimilation for numerical weather…

Computation · Statistics 2018-04-10 Francesc Pons Llopis , Nikolas Kantas , Alexandros Beskos , Ajay Jasra

We study stochastic Navier-Stokes equations in two dimensions with respect to periodic boundary conditions. The equations are perturbed by a nonlinear multiplicative stochastic forcing with linear growth (in the velocity) driven by a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-07-10 Dominic Breit , Alan Dodgson

We study a nonlinear-nudging modification of the Azouani-Olson-Titi continuous data assimilation (downscaling) algorithm for the 2D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. We give a rigorous proof that the nonlinear-nudging system is…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-04-04 Elizabeth Carlson , Adam Larios , Edriss S. Titi

In this paper we consider fully discrete approximations with inf-sup stable mixed finite element methods in space to approximate the Navier-Stokes equations. A continuous downscaling data assimilation algorithm is analyzed in which…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-04-15 Bosco García-Archilla , Julia Novo

We study different approaches to implementing sparse-in-time observations into the the Azouani-Olson-Titi data assimilation algorithm. We propose a new method which introduces a "data assimilation window" separate from the observational…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-03-08 Adam Larios , Yuan Pei , Collin Victor

This paper considers continuous data assimilation (CDA) in partial differential equation (PDE) discretizations where nudging parameters can be taken arbitrarily large. We prove that long-time optimally accurate solutions are obtained for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-02 Amanda Diegel , Xuejian Li , Leo G. Rebholz

In many real-world applications of data assimilation (DA), the strategic placement of observers is crucial for effective and efficient forecasting. Motivated by practical constraints in sensor deployment, we show that global recovery of the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Rui Fang , Ali Pakzad

In this study, we explore data assimilation for the Stochastic Camassa-Holm equation through the application of the particle filtering framework. Specifically, our approach integrates adaptive tempering, jittering, and nudging techniques to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-02-13 Colin John Cotter , Dan Crisan , Maneesh Kumar Singh

The problem of continuous data assimilation for semilinear parabolic equations based on partial observations corrupted by noise is investigated. The noise is allowed to be multiplicative, with additive noise arising as a special case. In a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Jochen Bröcker , Gianmarco Del Sarto , Matthias Hieber , Filippo Palma , Tarek Zöchling

Data assimilation plays a crucial role in modern weather prediction, providing a systematic way to incorporate observational data into complex dynamical models. The paper addresses continuous data assimilation for a model arising as a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-02-03 Eduard Feireisl , Piotr Gwiazda , Agnieszka Świerczewska-Gwiazda

The Error-in-Variables model of system identification/control involves nontrivial input and measurement corruption of observed data, resulting in generically nonconvex optimization problems. This paper performs full-state-feedback…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-21 Jared Miller , Tianyu Dai , Mario Sznaier

Stochastic programs where the uncertainty distribution must be inferred from noisy data samples are considered. The stochastic programs are approximated with distributionally-robust optimizations that minimize the worst-case expected cost…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-04 Farhad Farokhi

This paper considers a nudging-based scheme for data assimilation for the two-dimensional (2D) Navier-Stokes equations (NSE) with periodic boundary conditions and studies the synchronization of the signal produced by this algorithm with the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-08-02 Animikh Biswas , Kenneth R. Brown , Vincent R. Martinez

Data assimilation is the process to fuse information from priors, observations of nature, and numerical models, in order to obtain best estimates of the parameters or state of a physical system of interest. Presence of large errors in some…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-11-06 Vishwas Rao , Adrian Sandu , Michael Ng , Elias Nino-Ruiz

We study a two-dimensional Navier--Stokes system with anisotropic viscosity, linear damping term, and an additive noise on the whole space $\mathbb{R}^2$. For this model we prove uniqueness of invariant measures when the damping coefficient…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-29 Siyu Liang

A variant of the optimal control problem is considered which is nonstandard in that the performance index contains "stochastic" integrals, that is, integrals against very irregular functions. The motivation for considering such performance…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-05-24 Jochen Bröcker

Continuous data assimilation (CDA) nudges observational data into governing equations to recover the underlying flow and improve predictions. Existing rigorous CDA analyses focus primarily on incompressible flows, yet no physical flow is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-30 Aytekin Çıbık , Rui Fang

As saturated output observations are ubiquitous in practice, identifying stochastic systems with such nonlinear observations is a fundamental problem across various fields. This paper investigates the asymptotically efficient identification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Lantian Zhang , Lei Guo

Continuous data assimilation (CDA) methods, such as the nudging algorithm introduced by Azouani, Olson, and Titi (AOT), have proven to be highly effective in deterministic settings for asymptotically synchronizing approximate solutions with…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Kush Kinra