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We show that all permutations in $S_n$ can be generated by affine unicritical polynomials. We use the $\operatorname{PGL}$ group structure to compute the cycle structure of permutations with low Carlitz rank. The tree structure of the group…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-22 Anna Chlopecki , Juliano Levier-Gomes , Wayne Peng , Alex Shearer , Adam Towsley

We classify the trees on $n$ vertices with the maximum and the minimum number of certain generalized colorings, including conflict-free, odd, non-monochromatic, star, and star rainbow vertex colorings. We also extend a result of Cutler and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-19 John Engbers , Christopher Stocker

The mixing time of the Glauber dynamics for spin systems on trees is closely related to reconstruction problem. Martinelli, Sinclair and Weitz established this correspondence for a class of spin systems with soft constraints bounding the…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-12-11 Allan Sly , Yumeng Zhang

For three dimensional N=6 superconformal field theories we compute one-loop scattering amplitudes for any number of external particles. We focus on a particular subsector of N=2 invariant superamplitudes for which the ordinary perturbative…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-07-11 Marco S. Bianchi , Matias Leoni , Andrea Mauri , Silvia Penati , Alberto Santambrogio

Scattering amplitudes for colored theories have recently been formulated in a new way, in terms of curves on surfaces. In this note we describe a canonical set of functions we call surface functions, associated to all orders in the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-08 Nima Arkani-Hamed , Hadleigh Frost , Giulio Salvatori

Using the shuffle structure of the graphs, we introduce a new kind of the Hopf algebraic structure for tagged graphs with, or without loops. Like a quantum group structure, its product is non-commutative. With the help of the Hopf algebraic…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-09-26 Xiang-Mao Ding , Yuping Li , Lingxian Meng

The structure of loop corrections is examined in a scalar field theory on a three dimensional space whose spatial coordinates are noncommutative and satisfy SU(2) Lie algebra. In particular, the 2- and 4-point functions in $\phi^4$ scalar…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 H. Komaie-Moghaddam , M. Khorrami , A. H. Fatollahi

In this paper we continue our investigation of superstring scattering amplitudes in the conformal basis. We focus on the case of four graviton scattering processes at 1-loop in \emph{closed} superstring theory. We write the expression for…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-04-28 Anthonny F. Canazas Garay , Gaston Giribet , Yoel Parra-Cisterna , Francisco Rojas

We develop an algorithm of polynomial complexity for evaluating one-loop amplitudes with an arbitrary number of external particles. The algorithm is implemented in the Rocket program. Starting from particle vertices given by Feynman rules,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-05-05 W. T. Giele , G. Zanderighi

Color-kinematics duality is a remarkable conjectured property of gauge theory which, together with double copy, is at the heart of a wealth of new developments in scattering amplitudes. So far, its validity has been verified in most cases…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-03-09 Eduardo Casali , Sebastian Mizera , Piotr Tourkine

Color-ordered amplitudes for the scattering of n particles in the adjoint representation of SU(N) gauge theory satisfy constraints that arise from group theory alone. These constraints break into subsets associated with irreducible…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-05 Alexander C. Edison , Stephen G. Naculich

In this letter we present a recursive method for computing one-loop off-shell amplitudes in colored quantum field theories. First, we generalize the perturbiner method by recasting the multiparticle currents as generators of off-shell tree…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-03-14 Humberto Gomez , Renann Lipinski Jusinskas , Cristhiam Lopez-Arcos , Alexander Quintero Velez

The total homology of the loop space of the configuration space of ordered distinct n points in R^m has a structure of a Hopf algebra defined by the 4-term relations if m>2. We describe a relation of between the cohomology of this loop…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Toshitake Kohno

It is well known that under the color-decomposition, one-loop amplitude of gluons contains partial amplitudes of single and double trace structures, and particularly all partial amplitudes of double trace structure can be expressed as a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-05-28 Bo Feng , Yin Jia , Rijun Huang

We present results for the six-gluon scattering amplitude at one-loop. Since our method is semi-numerical, it yields the result for arbitrary momenta and helicities of the external gluons. We evaluate the colour-ordered sub-amplitudes with…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-11 R. K. Ellis , W. T. Giele , Giulia Zanderighi

Stanley asked whether a tree is determined up to isomorphism by its chromatic symmetric function. We approach Stanley's problem by studying the relationship between the chromatic symmetric function and other invariants. First, we prove…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-24 José Aliste-Prieto , Jeremy L. Martin , Jennifer D. Wagner , José Zamora

The causal representation of multi-loop scattering amplitudes, obtained from the application of the loop-tree duality formalism, comprehensively elucidates, at integrand level, the behaviour of only physical singularities. This…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-06-23 William J. Torres Bobadilla

We construct a geometric ideal triangulation for every fundamental shadow link complement and solve the gluing equation explicitly in terms of the logarithmic holonomies of the meridians of the link for any generic character in the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2024-05-08 Tushar Pandey , Ka Ho Wong

A colored graph is a complete graph in which a color has been assigned to each edge, and a colorful cycle is a cycle in which each edge has a different color. We first show that a colored graph lacks colorful cycles iff it is Gallai, i.e.,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-21 Richard N. Ball , Aleš Pultr , Petr Vojtěchovský

Tree and loop level scattering amplitudes which involve physical massless bosons are derived directly from physical constraints such as locality, symmetry and unitarity, bypassing path integral constructions. Amplitudes can be projected…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-06-13 Rutger H. Boels , Hui Luo