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The Subspace Theorem due to Schmidt (1972) is a broad generalisation of Roth's Theorem in Diophantine Approximation (1955) which, in the same way as the latter, suffers a notorious lack of effectivity. This problem is tackled from a…
The paper is devoted to the investigation of finite dimensional commutative nilpotent (associative) algebras N over an arbitrary base field of characteristic zero. Due to the lack of a general structure theory for algebras of this type (as…
In the exact Kohn-Sham density-functional theory (DFT), the total energy versus the number of electrons is a series of linear segments between integer points. However, commonly used approximate density functionals produce total energies…
We introduce a new example of unital commutative $n$-dimensional group algebra $\mathbb{R}_n$ for $n \geq 2$. The algebra $\mathbb{R}_n$ and the complex numbers $\mathbb{C}$ are astonishingly alike. The zero divisor set of the algebra has…
Gallagher's theorem describes the multiplicative diophantine approximation rate of a typical vector. We establish a fully-inhomogeneous version of Gallagher's theorem, a diophantine fibre refinement, and a sharp and unexpected threshold for…
For a set $A$ of non-negative integers, let $R_A(n)$ denote the number of solutions to the equation $n=a+a'$ with $a$, $a'\in A$. Denote by $\chi_A(n)$ the characteristic function of $A$. Let $b_n>0$ be a sequence satisfying $\limsup_{n\to…
The infinite-dimensional Hilbert sphere $S^\infty$ has been widely employed to model density functions and shapes, extending the finite-dimensional counterpart. We consider the Fr\'echet mean as an intrinsic summary of the central tendency…
We show that Nichols algebras of most simple Yetter-Drinfeld modules over the projective special linear group over a finite field, corresponding to semisimple orbits, have infinite dimension. We introduce a new criterium to determine when a…
The Schwarzian-Newton method can be defined as the minimal method for solving nonlinear equations $f(x)=0$ which is exact for any function $f$ with constant Schwarzian derivative; exactness means that the method gives the exact root in one…
The spectral dimension $d_s$ of a weighted graph is an exponent associated with the asymptotic behavior of the random walk on the graph. The Ahlfors regular conformal dimension $\dim_\mathrm{ARC}$ of the graph distance is a quasisymmetric…
Let $F \subseteq [0,1]$ be a set that supports a probability measure $\mu$ with the property that $ |\widehat{\mu}(t)| \ll (\log |t|)^{-A}$ for some constant $ A > 0 $. Let $\mathcal{A}= (q_n)_{n\in \mathbb{N}} $ be a sequence of natural…
We investigate fractional sums of arithmetic functions over products of two or three integers, with emphasis on fixed greatest common divisors and multiplicative weights. Let $f$ be an arithmetic function satisfying $f(n) \ll n^\alpha$ for…
Let $U$ be a bounded open subset of the complex plane and let $A_{\alpha}(U)$ denote the set of functions analytic on $U$ that also belong to the little Lipschitz class with Lipschitz exponent $\alpha$. It is shown that if $A_{\alpha}(U)$…
We establish a universal approximation theorem for signatures of rough paths that are not necessarily weakly geometric. By extending the path with time and its rough path bracket terms, we prove that linear functionals of the signature of…
The space nonlocal Allen-Cahn equation is a famous example of fractional reaction-diffusion equations. It is also an extension of the classical Allen-Cahn equation, which is widely used in physics to describe the phenomenon of two-phase…
In this paper we use the Vandermonde matrices and their properties to give a new proof of the classical result of Karl Weierstrass about the approximation of continuous functions $f$ on closed intervals, using a sequence of polynomials. The…
We propose a fast proximal Newton-type algorithm for minimizing regularized finite sums that returns an $\epsilon$-suboptimal point in $\tilde{\mathcal{O}}(d(n + \sqrt{\kappa d})\log(\frac{1}{\epsilon}))$ FLOPS, where $n$ is number of…
An analytical expression for the von Neumann entropy of the Laughlin wave function is obtained for any possible bipartition between the particles described by this wave function, for filling fraction nu=1. Also, for filling fraction nu=1/m,…
We study a method for calculating the utility function from a candidate of a demand function that is not differentiable, but is locally Lipschitz. Using this method, we obtain two new necessary and sufficient conditions for a candidate of a…
Let $K\subset\mathbb R^d$ be a compact subset equipped with a $\delta$-Ahlfors regular measure $\mu$. For any $\tau>1/d$ and any ``inhomogeneous'' vector $\boldsymbol{\theta}\in\mathbb R^d$, let $W_d(\psi_\tau,\boldsymbol{\theta})$ denote…