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In this chapter, we mainly review theoretical results on inverse source problems for diffusion equations with the Caputo time-fractional derivatives of order $\alpha\in(0,1)$. Our survey covers the following types of inverse problems: 1.…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-04-15 Yikan Liu , Zhiyuan Li , Masahiro Yamamoto

This paper addresses reflected backward stochastic differential equations (RBSDE hereafter) that take the form of \begin{eqnarray*} \begin{cases} dY_t=f(t,Y_t, Z_t)d(t\wedge\tau)+Z_tdW_t^{\tau}+dM_t-dK_t,\quad Y_{\tau}=\xi, Y\geq…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-07-27 Safa Alsheyab , Tahir Choulli

Let $(B_t)_{0\leq t\leq T}$ be either a Bernoulli random walk or a Brownian motion with drift, and let $M_t:=\max\{B_s: 0\leq s\leq t\}$, $0\leq t\leq T$. This paper solves the general optimal prediction problem \sup_{0\leq\tau\leq…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-02-09 Pieter C. Allaart

We consider non-isochronous, nearly integrable, a-priori unstable Hamiltonian systems with a (trigonometric polynomial) $O(\mu)$-perturbation which does not preserve the unperturbed tori. We prove the existence of Arnold diffusion with…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Massimiliano Berti , Luca Biasco , Philippe Bolle

In this paper, we obtain the sharp uniqueness for an inverse $x$-source problem for a one-dimensional time-fractional diffusion equation with a zeroth-order term by the minimum possible lateral Cauchy data. The key ingredient is the unique…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-01-02 Zhiyuan Li , Yikan Liu , Masahiro Yamamoto

We present some new results on sample path optimality for the ergodic control problem of a class of non-degenerate diffusions controlled through the drift. The hypothesis most often used in the literature to ensure the existence of an a.s.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-03-20 Ari Arapostathis

Inference-time controllable generation is essential for real-world applications of unconditional diffusion models. However, most existing techniques focus on individual samples, struggling in applications that require the sample population…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Hao Luan , See-Kiong Ng , Chun Kai Ling

Diffusion generative models unlock new possibilities for inverse problems as they allow for the incorporation of strong empirical priors in scientific inference. Recently, diffusion models are repurposed for solving inverse problems using…

This paper investigates an inverse source problem for a multi-term time-fractional diffusion equation with Caputo derivatives. The source term is separable as \(f(x)g(t)\), with the unknown spatial component \(f(x)\) reconstructed from an…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Ravshan Ashurov , Damir Shamuratov

Existing approaches to diffusion-based inverse problem solvers frame the signal recovery task as a probabilistic sampling episode, where the solution is drawn from the desired posterior distribution. This framework suffers from several…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Henry Li , Marcus Pereira

In this paper, we study both the direct and inverse random source problems associated with the multi-term time-fractional diffusion-wave equation driven by a fractional Brownian motion. Regarding the direct problem, the well-posedness is…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-11-03 Xiaoli Feng , Qiang Yao , Peijun Li , Xu Wang

In this paper, we consider an inverse space-dependent source problem for a time-fractional diffusion equation. To deal with the ill-posedness of the problem, we transform the problem into an optimal control problem with total variational…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-15 Bin Fan

In this article, it is proved that for any cumulative distribution function with compact support and a specified t > 0, there exists a diffusion martingale which has this law at time t. The article proves existence; no claims are made about…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-10-01 John M. Noble

The scaling invariance for chaotic orbits near a transition from unlimited to limited diffusion in a dissipative standard mapping is explained via the analytical solution of the diffusion equation. It gives the probability of observing a…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2020-12-02 Edson D. Leonel , Celia Mayumi Kuwana , Makoto Yoshida , Juliano Antonio de Oliveira

In this paper, we propose a direct solution method for optimal switching problems of one-dimensional diffusions. This method is free from conjectures about the form of the value function and switching strategies, or does not require the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Masahiko Egami

We address the problem of making a managerial decision when the investment project is subsidized, which results in the resolution of an infinite-horizon optimal stopping problem of a switching diffusion driven by either an homogeneous or an…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-02-28 Carlos Oliveira , Nicolas Perkowski

This paper is concerned with the inverse random source problem for a stochastic time fractional diffusion equation, where the source is assumed to be driven by a Gaussian random field. The direct problem is shown to be well-posed by…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-12-22 Yuxuan Gong , Peijun Li , Xu Wang , Xiang Xu

This article is devoted to the simultaneous resolution of three inverse problems, among the most important formulation of inverse problems for partial differential equations, stated for some class of diffusion equations from a single…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-06-16 Yavar Kian

For a type of employee stock option (ESO) and an American put option with a barrier, we obtain closed-form formulae for the value functions and provide a complete characterization for optimal stopping/continuation regions. Some comparison…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-08-11 Dongchao Huang , Jian Song

This paper considers time-inconsistent problems when control and stopping strategies are required to be made simultaneously (called stopping control problems by us). We first formulate the timeinconsistent stopping control problems under…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-21 Zongxia Liang , Fengyi Yuan