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We propose the first method that determines the exact worst-case execution time (WCET) for implicit linear model predictive control (MPC). Such WCET bounds are imperative when MPC is used in real time to control safety-critical systems. The…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-25 Daniel Arnström , David Broman , Daniel Axehill

Parametric Worst-case execution time (WCET) analysis of a sequential program produces a formula that represents the worst-case execution time of the program, where parameters of the formula are user-defined parameters of the program (as…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-10-09 Clément Ballabriga , Julien Forget , Giuseppe Lipari

The safety of our day-to-day life depends crucially on the correct functioning of embedded software systems which control the functioning of more and more technical devices. Many of these software systems are time-critical. Hence,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2009-03-13 Adrian Prantl , Jens Knoop , Markus Schordan , Markus Triska

Estimating the Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) of an application is an essential task in the context of developing real-time or safety-critical software, but it is also a complex and error-prone process. Conventional approaches require at…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-06-13 Martin Becker , Ravindra Metta , R Venkatesh , Samarjt Chakraborty

Given a program and a time deadline, does the program finish before the deadline when executed on a given platform? With the requirement to produce a test case when such a violation can occur, we refer to this problem as the worst-case…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2015-06-22 Daniel Bundala , Sanjit A. Seshia

The paper presents a novel algorithm for computing best and worst case execution times (BCET/WCET) of timed automata models with cyclic behaviour. The algorithms can work on any arbitrary diagonal-free TA and can handle more cases than…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-01 Omar Al-Bataineh , Mark Reynolds , Tim French

In this paper we introduce a framework for computing upper bounds yet accurate WCET for hardware platforms with caches and pipelines. The methodology we propose consists of 3 steps: 1) given a program to analyse, compute an equivalent…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2010-06-11 Franck Cassez

This paper leverages the statistics of extreme values to predict the worst-case convergence times of machine learning algorithms. Timing is a critical non-functional property of ML systems, and providing the worst-case converge times is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Saeid Tizpaz-Niari , Sriram Sankaranarayanan

Weakly hard real-time systems can, to some degree, tolerate deadline misses, but their schedulability still needs to be analyzed to ensure their quality of service. Such analysis usually occurs at early design stages to provide…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Jaekwon Lee , Seung Yeob Shin , Lionel Briand , Shiva Nejati

Estimating worst-case execution times (WCET) is an important activity at early design stages of real-time systems. Based on WCET estimates, engineers make design and implementation decisions to ensure that task executions always complete…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Jaekwon Lee , Seung Yeob Shin , Shiva Nejati , Lionel C. Briand , Yago Isasi Parache

Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) is a key component for the verification of critical real-time applications. Yet, even the simplest microprocessors implement pipelines with concurrently-accessed resources, such as the memory bus shared by…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-18 Zhenyu Bai , Hugues Cassé , Thomas Carle , Christine Rochange

In Mixed-Criticality (MC) systems, although the high Worst-Case Execution Time (WCET) serves as a conservative upper bound representing the task's maximum execution time under all conditions, obtaining a low WCET is essential for…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Behnaz Ranjbar , Akash Kumar

Computing accurate WCET on modern complex architectures is a challenging task. This problem has been devoted a lot of attention in the last decade but there are still some open issues. First, the control flow graph (CFG) of a binary program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2011-11-09 Jean-Luc Béchennec , Franck Cassez

In this paper, we focus on modelling the timing aspects of binary programs running on architectures featuring caches and pipelines. The objective is to obtain a timed automaton model to compute tight bounds for the worst-case execution time…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-11-16 Franck Cassez , Pablo González de Aledo Marugán

We present a focused introduction to exact penalty methods for nonlinear programs and mathematical programs with equilibrium constraints (MPECs), emphasizing their connection to modern error bound theory. The goal is twofold. First, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-04 Louis Shuo Wang

In this paper, we propose a new concept called \textit{semantically equivalence} \wrt \textit{optimization phases} \textit{(\sep)}, which defines the set of programs a compiler considers semantically equivalent to the input using a set of…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Yu Wang , Hongyu Chen , Ke Wang

In the contexts of automated reasoning (AR) and formal verification (FV), important decision problems are effectively encoded into Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT). In the last decade efficient SMT solvers have been developed for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-10-23 Roberto Sebastiani , Silvia Tomasi

In the last decade we have witnessed an impressive progress in the expressiveness and efficiency of Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) solving techniques. This has brought previously-intractable problems at the reach of state-of-the-art…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-01-19 Roberto Sebastiani , Patrick Trentin

The integration of Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) and Wireless Power Transfer (WPT), which is usually referred to as Wireless Powered Mobile Edge Computing (WP-MEC), has been recognized as a promising technique to enhance the lifetime and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Xingqiu He , Yuhang Shen , Xiong Wang , Sheng Wang , Shizhong Xu , Jing Ren

Optimization Modulo Theories (OMT) is an extension of SMT that allows for finding models that optimize objective functions. In this paper we aim at bridging the gap between Constraint Programming (CP) and OMT, in both directions. First, we…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Francesco Contaldo , Patrick Trentin , Roberto Sebastiani
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