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Gravitational-wave memory is a low-frequency, non-oscillatory signal that provides a promising probe of strong-field gravity. We present the first computation of memory from full inspiral--merger--ringdown waveforms in a theory beyond GR,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-11 Silvia Gasparotto

It has long been known that gravitational waves from compact binary coalescing sources are responsible for a first-order displacement memory effect experienced by a pair of freely falling test masses. This constant displacement is sourced…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-09-08 Atul K. Divakarla , Bernard F. Whiting

The usual gravitational wave memory effect can be understood as a change in the separation of two initially comoving observers due to a burst of gravitational waves. Over the past few decades, a wide variety of other, "persistent"…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-30 Alexander M. Grant

Gravitational radiation has a memory effect represented by a net change in the relative positions of test particles. Both the linear and nonlinear sources proposed for this radiation memory are of the "electric" type, or E mode, as…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-22 J. Winicour

We study a novel cubic nonlinear effect, the tails-of-memory, which consist of a combination of the tail effect (backscattering of linear gravitational waves against the curvature of spacetime generated by the source) and the memory effect…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-16 David Trestini , Luc Blanchet

It is well known that energy fluxes will produce gravitational wave memory. The gravitational wave memory produced by background including cosmic microwave background (CMB), cosmic neutrino background (C$\nu$B), and gravitational wave…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-01 Zhoujian Cao , Xiaokai He , Zhi-Chao Zhao

The gravitational wave (GW) memory from a radiating and decelerating point mass is studied in detail. It is found that for isotropic photon emission the memory generated from the photons is essentially the same with the memory from the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-15 Shota Akiba , Megumi Nakada , Chiyo Yamaguchi , Koichi Iwamoto

The memory effect is known to introduce a permanent displacement in the gravitational wave (GW) detectors after the passage of a GW signal. While the linear memory adheres to the source properties, the non-linear memory is a secondary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-11-05 Samik Dutta , Ankur Chhabra , Aritra Banerjee , Sajal Mukherjee , Subhendra Mohanty

The geometric description of gravitational memory for strong gravitational waves is developed, with particular focus on shockwaves and their spinning analogues, gyratons. Memory, which may be of position or velocity-encoded type,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-01-30 Graham M Shore

We give an account of the gravitational memory effect in the presence of the exact plane wave solution of Einstein's vacuum equations. This allows an elementary but exact description of the soft gravitons and how their presence may be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-09-13 P. M. Zhang , C. Duval , G. W. Gibbons , P. A. Horvathy

Gravitational wave memory is an important prediction of general relativity, which has not been detected yet. Amounts of memory events can form a stochastic gravitational wave memory background. Here we find that memory background can be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-12 Zhi-Chao Zhao , Zhoujian Cao

Gravitational waves have become an irreplaceable tool for exploring the post-inflationary universe. Their cosmological and astrophysical origins have been attracting numerous attention. In this Letter, we point out a novel source of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-03-19 Shinya Kanemura , Kunio Kaneta

We study gravitational wave memory effect in the FRW cosmological model with matter and cosmological constant. Since the background is curved, gravitational radiation develops a tail part arriving after the main signal that travels along…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-02 Niko Jokela , K. Kajantie , Miika Sarkkinen

We discuss in some detail the interaction of classical particles, including the scattering and memory effect, with a pulse of gravitational plane wave. The key point is the conformal symmetry of gravitational plane waves. In particular, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-26 K. Andrzejewski , S. Prencel

Gravitational waves (GWs) produce small distortions in the observable distribution of stars in the sky. We describe the characteristic pattern of astrometric deflections created by a specific gravitational waveform called a burst with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-27 Dustin R. Madison

In this article, we compare in detail the linear and nonlinear approach to the Gravitational Waves Displacement and Velocity Memory (GWDM and GWVM) effects. We consider astrophysical situations that give rise to gravitational waves with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-21 Lydia Bieri , Alexander Polnarev

Gravitational wave (GW) memory, a permanent distortion of the space-time metric, is anticipated during the acceleration of relativistic jets in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). While the precise mechanism behind GRBs is not yet fully understood,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-23 Yusuke Sakai , Ryo Yamazaki , Yoshihiro Okutani , Satsuki Ueno , Norichika Sago , Marco Meyer-Conde , Hirotaka Takahashi

It is shown that in the passage of a short burst of non-linear plane gravitational wave, the kinetic energy of free particles may either decrease or increase. The decreasing or increasing of the kinetic energy depends crucially on the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-09-05 J. W. Maluf , J. F. da Rocha-Neto , S. C. Ulhoa , F. L. Carneiro

Gravitational-wave memory manifests as a permanent distortion of an idealized gravitational-wave detector and arises generically from energetic astrophysical events. For example, binary black hole mergers are expected to emit memory bursts…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-10 Lucy O. McNeill , Eric Thrane , Paul D. Lasky

In general relativity, gravitational memory describes the lasting change in the separation and relative velocity of freely falling detectors after the passage of gravitational waves (GWs). In this paper, we elucidate the relation between…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-17 Valerio De Luca , Justin Khoury , Sam S. C. Wong