Related papers: Explosion and nucleosynthesis of low redshift pair…
Renewed interest in the first stars that were formed in the universe has led to the discovery of extremely iron-poor stars. Since several competing scenarios exist, our understanding of the mass range that determines the observed elemental…
The legacy Hitomi telescope has delivered the precise measurements of the chemical abundances in the Perseus Cluster, covering the Si-group (Si, S, Ar, Ca) and Fe-group elements (Cr, Mn, Ni). In Paper I (Leung et al., ApJ 2025), we examined…
The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has spectroscopically confirmed galaxies up to $z\sim14$, 300 Myr after the Big Bang, and several candidates have been discovered at $z\sim15-25$, with one candidate as high as $z\sim30$, only 100 Myr…
We review the characteristics of nucleosynthesis in 'Hypernovae', i.e., supernovae with very large explosion energies ($ \gsim 10^{52} $ ergs). The hypernova yields compared to those of ordinary core-collapse supernovae show the following…
Motivated by unexplained observations of low sulphur abundances in planetary nebulae (PNe) and the PG1159 class of post asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, we investigate the possibility that sulphur may be destroyed by nucleosynthetic…
For the initial mass range (140 < M < 260 Msun) stars die in a thermonuclear runaway triggered by the pair-production instability. The supernovae they make can be remarkably energetic (up to ~10^53 ergs) and synthesize considerable amounts…
Only massive stars contribute to the chemical evolution of the juvenile universe corresponding to [Fe/H]<-1.5. If Type II supernovae (SNe II) are the only relevant sources, then the abundances in the interstellar medium of the juvenile…
The discrepancy between the observed abundances of 3He in the ISM and those predicted by stellar and galactic chemical evolution remains largely unexplained. In this paper, we attempt to shed some light on this unsolved problem by…
The abundance patterns of extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars provide us with important information on nucleosynthesis in supernovae (SNe) formed in a Pop III or EMP environment, and thus on the nature of the first stars in the Universe. We…
New stellar models which track the production and destruction of $^3$He (and D) have been evolved for a range of stellar masses $(0.65\leq M/M_{\odot}\leq 100)$, metallicities $(0.01 \leq Z/Z_{\odot} \leq 1)$ and initial (main sequence)…
We investigate the impact of asymmetric neutrino-emissions on explosive nucleosynthesis in core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) of progenitors with a mass range of 9.5 to 25$M_{\odot}$. We perform axisymmetric, hydrodynamic simulations of the…
The Perseus Cluster has been precisely measured by the legacy Hitomi telescope on the Si-group (Si, S, Ar, Ca) and Fe-group elements (Cr, Mn, Ni). These element abundance ratios provide insight into the typical behaviour of supernovae. In…
Core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) are widely accepted to be caused by the explosive death of massive stars with initial masses $\gtrsim 8$M$_\odot$. There is, however, a comparatively poor understanding of how properties of the progenitors…
Very massive stars (VMS) up to 200-300 $M_\odot$ have been found in the Local Universe. If they would lose little mass they produce intermediate-mass black holes or pair-instability supernovae (PISNe). Until now, VMS modellers have…
Jet-induced supernovae (SNe) have been suggested to occur in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and highly-energetic SNe (hypernovae). I investigate hydrodynamical and nucleosynthetic properties of the jet-induced explosion of a population III…
Core collapse supernovae (CCSNe) impact many areas of astrophysics, including compact object formation and gravitational waves, but many uncertainties remain in our understanding of the evolution of their progenitors. We use the binary…
While the modern stellar IMF shows a rapid decline with increasing mass, theoretical investigations suggest that very massive stars (>100 solar masses) may have been abundant in the early universe. Other calculations also indicate that,…
We present new nucleosynthesis yields as functions of the stellar mass, metallicity, and explosion energy (corresponding to normal supernovae and Hypernovae). We apply the results to the chemical evolution of the solar neighborhood. Our new…
We present initial results of an ESO-VLT large programme (AMAZE) aimed at determining the evolution of the mass-metallicity relation at z>3 by means of deep near-IR spectroscopy. Gas metallicities are measured, for an initial sample of nine…
Meng, Chen & Han (2009) comprehensively and systemically studied the WD + MS system by detailed binary evolution calculations. Following their studies, we have carried out a series of binary population synthesis studies about the properties…