Related papers: Beyond odious and evil

We prove a conjecture posted in the Online Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, namely that there are exactly five positive integers that can be written in more than one way as the sum of a nonnegative power of 2 and a nonnegative power of 3.…

We give recurrences, generating functions and explicit exact expressions for the enumeration of fundamental quantities involving runs in binary strings. We first focus on enumerations concerning runs of ones, and we then analyse the same…

We investigate here sums of triangular numbers $f(x):=\sum_i b_i T_{x_i}$ where $T_n$ is the $n$-th triangular number. We show that for a set of positive integers $S$ there is a finite subset $S_0$ such that $f$ represents $S$ if and only…

We propose an extension of the Sugeno integral for negative numbers, in the spirit of the symmetric extension of Choquet integral, also called \Sipos\ integral. Our framework is purely ordinal, since the Sugeno integral has its interest…

This note is devoted to establish some new arithmetic properties of the generalized Genocchi numbers $G_{n , a}$ ($n \in \mathbb{N}$, $a \geq 2$). The resulting properties for the usual Genocchi numbers $G_n = G_{n , 2}$ are then derived.…

We study the convergence of certain subseries of the harmonic series corresponding to increasing sequences of integers whose digits in a certain base are not uniformly distributed. We also discuss the case of irregular sequences, where the…

Binomial coefficients have been used for centuries in a variety of fields and have accumulated numerous definitions. In this paper, we introduce a new way of defining binomial coefficients as repeated sums of ones. A multitude of binomial…

We consider a class of generalized binomials emerging in fractional calculus. After establishing some general properties, we focus on a particular yet relevant case, for which we provide several ready-for-use combinatorial identities,…

We extend the sum-of-divisors function to the complex plane via the Gaussian integers. Then we prove a modified form of Euler's classification of odd perfect numbers.

The main purpose of this paper is to propose some interesting number theory problems related to the Legendre's symbol and the two-term exponential sums.

Over 300 sequences and many unsolved problems and conjectures related to them are presented herein together with theorems corollaries, formulae, examples, mathematical criteria, etc. (about integer sequences, numbers, quotients, residues,…

We adapt (over $\mathbb{F}_2$) the general notions of multiplicative function, Dirichlet convolution and Inverse. We get some interesting results, namely necessary conditions for an odd binary polynomial to be perfect. Note that we are…

Modern classification algorithms are susceptible to adversarial examples--perturbations to inputs that cause the algorithm to produce undesirable behavior. In this work, we seek to understand and extend adversarial examples across domains…

There are numerous ways to represent real numbers. We may use, e.g., Cauchy sequences, Dedekind cuts, numerical base-10 expansions, numerical base-2 expansions and continued fractions. If we work with full Turing computability, all these…

In this article, we will use elementary number theory techniques to investigate a sequence of integers defined by a sifting process called the lucky numbers. Ulam introduced lucky numbers as a sieve-based analogue of prime numbers. We…

For $b\leq -2$ and $e \geq 2$, let $S_{e,b}:\mathbb{Z}\to\mathbb{Z}_{\geq 0}$ be the function taking an integer to the sum of the $e$-powers of the digits of its base $b$ expansion. An integer $a$ is a $b$-happy number if there exists…

We prove a conjecture that classifies exceptional numbers. This conjecture arises in two different ways, from cryptography and from coding theory. An odd integer $t\geq 3$ is said to be exceptional if $f(x)=x^t$ is APN (Almost Perfect…

In this note, the polar decomposition of binary fields of even extension degree is used to reduce the evaluation of the Walsh transform of binomial Boolean functions to that of Gauss sums. In the case of extensions of degree four times an…

An Engel series is a sum of reciprocals of a non-decreasing sequence $(x_n)$ of positive integers, which is such that each term is divisible by the previous one, and a Pierce series is an alternating sum of the reciprocals of a sequence…

This paper proves several weak limit theorems for the joint version of extreme order statistics and partial sums of independently and identically distributed random variables. The results are also extended to almost sure limit version.