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Sorting a set of items is a task that can be useful by itself or as a building block for more complex operations. The more sophisticated and fast sorting algorithms become asymptotically, the less efficient they are for small sets of items…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-08-23 Jasper Marianczuk

In this paper, we address sorting networks that are constructed from comparators of arity $k > 2$. That is, in our setting the arity of the comparators -- or, in other words, the number of inputs that can be sorted at the unit cost -- is a…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Natalia Dobrokhotova-Maikova , Alexander Kozachinskiy , Vladimir Podolskii

We continue the study of selection and sorting of $n$ numbers under the adversarial comparator model, where comparisons can be adversarially tampered with if the arguments are sufficiently close. We derive a randomized sorting algorithm…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Chris Trevisan

The problem of constructing optimal discriminating designs for a class of regression models is considered. We investigate a version of the $T_p$-optimality criterion as introduced by Atkinson and Fedorov [Biometrika 62 (1975a) 289-303]. The…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-06-07 Dietrich Braess , Holger Dette

Most real-world networks are incompletely observed. Algorithms that can accurately predict which links are missing can dramatically speedup the collection of network data and improve the validity of network models. Many algorithms now exist…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-05 Amir Ghasemian , Homa Hosseinmardi , Aram Galstyan , Edoardo M. Airoldi , Aaron Clauset

We consider a simple model of imprecise comparisons: there exists some $\delta>0$ such that when a subject is given two elements to compare, if the values of those elements (as perceived by the subject) differ by at least $\delta$, then the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-01-14 Miklos Ajtai , Vitaly Feldman , Avinatan Hassidim , Jelani Nelson

We present the first in-place algorithm for sorting an array of size n that performs, in the worst case, at most O(n log n) element comparisons and O(n) element transports. This solves a long-standing open problem, stated explicitly, e.g.,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Gianni Franceschini , Viliam Geffert

Sorting is the task of ordering $n$ elements using pairwise comparisons. It is well known that $m=\Theta(n\log n)$ comparisons are both necessary and sufficient when the outcomes of the comparisons are observed with no noise. In this paper,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Ziao Wang , Nadim Ghaddar , Banghua Zhu , Lele Wang

We introduce a sorting machine consisting of $k+1$ stacks in series: the first $k$ stacks can only contain elements in decreasing order from top to bottom, while the last one has the opposite restriction. This device generalizes \cite{SM},…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Giulio Cerbai , Lapo Cioni , Luca Ferrari

Relational data are ubiquitous in real-world data applications, e.g., in social network analysis or biological modeling, but networks are nearly always incompletely observed. The state-of-the-art for predicting missing links in the hard…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Bisman Singh , Lucy Van Kleunen , Aaron Clauset

Sorting is one of the oldest computing problems and is still very important in the age of big data. Various algorithms and implementation techniques have been proposed. In this study, we focus on comparison based, internal sorting…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-09-16 Hantao Zhang , Baoluo Meng , Yiwen Liang

In the online sorting problem, $n$ items are revealed one by one and have to be placed (immediately and irrevocably) into empty cells of a size-$n$ array. The goal is to minimize the sum of absolute differences between items in consecutive…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Mikkel Abrahamsen , Ioana O. Bercea , Lorenzo Beretta , Jonas Klausen , László Kozma

We generalize the classical nuts and bolts problem to a setting where the input is a collection of $n$ nuts and $m$ bolts, and there is no promise of any matching pairs. It is not allowed to compare a nut directly with a nut or a bolt…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Mayank Goswami , Riko Jacob

Recent work by Google DeepMind introduced assembly-optimized sorting networks that achieve faster performance for small fixed-size arrays (3-8). In this research, we investigate the integration of these networks as base cases in classical…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Anas Gamal Aly , Anders E. Jensen , Hala ElAarag

Differentiable sorting algorithms allow training with sorting and ranking supervision, where only the ordering or ranking of samples is known. Various methods have been proposed to address this challenge, ranging from optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Felix Petersen , Christian Borgelt , Hilde Kuehne , Oliver Deussen

We consider the classical problem of sorting an input array containing $n$ elements, where each element is described with a $k$-bit comparison-key and a $w$-bit payload. A long-standing open problem is whether there exist $(k + w) \cdot o(n…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Gilad Asharov , Wei-Kai Lin , Elaine Shi

The classical comparison-based sorting problem asks us to find the underlying total order of a given set of elements, where we can only access the elements via comparisons. In this paper, we study a restricted version, where, as a hint, a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Benjamin Aram Berendsohn

We explore the fundamental problem of sorting through the lens of learning-augmented algorithms, where algorithms can leverage possibly erroneous predictions to improve their efficiency. We consider two different settings: In the first…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Xingjian Bai , Christian Coester

We consider the problem of sorting elements on a series of stacks, introduced by Tarjan and Knuth. We improve the asymptotic lower bound for the number of stacks necessary to sort $n$ elements to $0.561 \log_2 n + O(1)$. This is the first…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-12-05 Luke Schaeffer

We investigate distributed memory parallel sorting algorithms that scale to the largest available machines and are robust with respect to input size and distribution of the input elements. The main outcome is that four sorting algorithms…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Michael Axtmann , Peter Sanders