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Persistence modules are representations of products of totally ordered sets in the category of vector spaces. They appear naturally in the representation theory of algebras, but in recent years they have also found applications in other…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2024-11-04 Steve Oudot

Persistence modules are a central algebraic object arising in topological data analysis. The notion of interleaving provides a natural way to measure distances between persistence modules. We consider various classes of persistence modules,…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2019-12-12 Peter Bubenik , Tane Vergili

A persistence module with $m$ discrete parameters is a diagram of vector spaces indexed by the poset $\mathbb{N}^m$. If we are only interested in the large scale behavior of such a diagram, then we can consider two diagrams equivalent if…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-05-22 Martin Frankland , Donald Stanley

A persistence module is a functor $f: \mathbf{I} \to \mathsf{E}$, where $\mathbf{I}$ is the poset category of a totally ordered set. This work introduces saecular decomposition: a categorically natural method to decompose $f$ into simple…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-14 Robert Ghrist , Gregory Henselman-Petrusek

We give a self-contained treatment of the theory of persistence modules indexed over the real line. We give new proofs of the standard results. Persistence diagrams are constructed using measure theory. Linear algebra lemmas are simplified…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2013-03-21 Frederic Chazal , Vin de Silva , Marc Glisse , Steve Oudot

We develop some aspects of the homological algebra of persistence modules, in both the one-parameter and multi-parameter settings, considered as either sheaves or graded modules. The two theories are different. We consider the graded module…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2022-05-09 Peter Bubenik , Nikola Milicevic

We show that the observable category of q-tame multiparameter persistence modules satisfies good metric and algebraic properties: it forms a complete metric space with respect to the interleaving distance, and it is Krull--Schmidt in the…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-13 Ulrich Bauer , Cameron Gusel , Luis Scoccola

We show that a pointwise finite-dimensional persistence module indexed over a small category decomposes into a direct sum of indecomposables with local endomorphism rings. As an application of this result we give new, short proofs of…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-07 Magnus Bakke Botnan , William Crawley-Boevey

We show that a persistence module (for a totally ordered indexing set) consisting of finite-dimensional vector spaces is a direct sum of interval modules. The result extends to persistence modules with the descending chain condition on…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2014-07-30 William Crawley-Boevey

We provide a definition of ephemeral multi-persistent modules and prove that the quotient of persistent modules by the ephemeral ones is equivalent to the category of $\gamma$-sheaves. In the case of one-dimensional persistence, our…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2021-03-10 Nicolas Berkouk , Francois Petit

This paper addresses two questions: (a) can we identify a sensible class of 2-parameter persistence modules on which the rank invariant is complete? (b) can we determine efficiently whether a given 2-parameter persistence module belongs to…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2022-02-07 Magnus Bakke Botnan , Vadim Lebovici , Steve Oudot

We generalize the persistence diagram of Cohen-Steiner, Edelsbrunner, and Harer to the setting of constructible persistence modules valued in a symmetric monoidal category. We call this the type A persistence diagram of a persistence…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2020-10-16 Amit Patel

Persistence modules serve as the algebraic foundation for topological data analysis, typically studied as representations of posets over a field. This article extends the structural and decomposition theory of persistence modules to the…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Nadiya Upegui Keagy

Persistent homology was shown by Carlsson and Zomorodian to be homology of graded chain complexes with coefficients in the graded ring $\kk[t]$. As such, the behavior of persistence modules -- graded modules over $\kk[t]$ is an important…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2013-02-18 Primoz Skraba , Mikael Vejdemo-Johansson

We study pointwise free and finitely-generated persistence modules over a principal ideal domain, indexed by a (possibly infinite) totally-ordered poset category. We show that such persistence modules admit interval decompositions if and…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Jiajie Luo , Gregory Henselman-Petrusek

We redevelop persistent homology (topological persistence) from a categorical point of view. The main objects of study are diagrams, indexed by the poset of real numbers, in some target category. The set of such diagrams has an interleaving…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2014-05-13 Peter Bubenik , Jonathan A. Scott

Given a small category C, a C-module M is a functor from C to the category of finite-dimensional vector spaces over a field k. Associated to M is its local structure, given as a functor from C to the category of bi-closed multi-flags over…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2021-11-23 Crichton Ogle , Sami Sultan

We demonstrate that an equivalence of categories using $\varepsilon$-interleavings as a fundamental component exists between the model of persistence modules as graded modules over a polynomial ring and the model of persistence modules as…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2012-10-31 Mikael Vejdemo-Johansson

Using a result by Chazal, Crawley-Boevey and de Silva concerning radicals of persistence modules, we show that every lower semi-continuous q-tame persistence module can be decomposed as a direct sum of interval modules and that every upper…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2022-07-05 Maximilian Schmahl

Motivated by the study of persistence modules over the real line, we investigate the category of linear representations of a totally ordered set. We show that this category is locally coherent and we classify the indecomposable injective…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-05 Jan-Paul Lerch
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