Related papers: Goodstein revisited
A local and deterministic model of quantum correlations is always possible, as shown explicitly by Brans in 1988: one simply needs the physical systems being measured to have a suitable statistical correlation with the physical systems…
Superdeterminism - where the Measurement Independence assumption in Bell's Theorem is violated - is frequently assumed to imply implausibly conspiratorial correlations between properties $\lambda$ of particles being measured and measurement…
It is shown that two observers have mutually commuting observables if they are able to prepare in each subsector of their common state space some state exhibiting no mutual correlations. This result establishes a heretofore missing link…
The probabilistic investigation on record values and record times of a sequence of random variables defined on the same probability space has received much attention from 1952 to now. A great deal of such theory focused on \textit{iid} or…
The relationship between correlations and entanglement has played a major role in understanding quantum theory since the work of Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (1935). Tsirelson (1980) proved that Bell states, shared among two parties, when…
One important obstacle in applying Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST) is its relationship to frequencies. In particular, there exist serious difficulties in finding factorizations of belief functions from data. In probability theory…
A fundamental question in causal inference is whether it is possible to reliably infer manipulation effects from observational data. There are a variety of senses of asymptotic reliability in the statistical literature, among which the most…
The more then hundred years old Bernstein inequality states that the supremum norm of the derivative of a trigonometric polynomial of fixed degree can be bounded from above by supremum norm of the polynomial itself. The reversed Bernstein…
General Probabilistic Theories provide the most general mathematical framework for the theory of probability in an operationally natural manner, and generalize classical and quantum theories. In this article, we study state-discrimination…
We give an almost entirely model-theoretic account of both Ramsey classes of finite structures and of generalized indiscernibles as studied in special cases in (for example) [7], [9]. We understand "theories of indiscernibles" to be special…
Any experiment attempting to verify the presence of entanglement in a physical system can only generate a finite amount of data. The statement that entanglement was present in the system can thus never be issued with certainty, requiring…
The consistency problem for a class of algebraic structures asks for an algorithm to decide for any given conjunction of equations whether it admits a non-trivial satisfying assignment within some member of the class. By Adyan (1955) and…
In \cite{Ca2016} and \cite{Ca2018}, we introduced a notion of effective reducibility between set-theoretical $\Pi_{2}$-statements; in \cite{Ca2025}, this was extended to statements of arbitrary (potentially even infinite) quantifier…
We argue that it is fundamentally impossible to recover information about quantum superpositions when a system has interacted with a sufficiently large number of degrees of freedom of the environment. This is due to the fact that gravity…
Relations between Gorenstein derived categories, Gorenstein defect categories and Gorenstein stable categories are established. Using these, the Gorensteinness of an algebra $A$ and invariants with respect to recollements of the bounded…
D. Bailey and R. E. Crandall recently formulated a "Hypothesis A", which provides a general principle to explain the (conjectured) normality of constants like pi or log 2 and other related numbers, to base 2 or other integer bases. This…
In this paper we prove Chaitin's ``heuristic principle'', {\it the theorems of a finitely-specified theory cannot be significantly more complex than the theory itself}, for an appropriate measure of complexity. We show that the measure is…
We develop a new method for showing that a given sequence of random variables verifies an appropriate law of the iterated logarithm. Our tools involve the use of general estimates on multidimensional Wasserstein distances, that are in turn…
This work is concerned with model reduction of stochastic differential equations and builds on the idea of replacing drift and noise coefficients of preselected relevant, e.g. slow variables by their conditional expectations. We extend…
In this manuscript we discuss the notion of (statistical) independence embedded in its historical context. We focus in particular on its appearance and role in number theory, concomitantly exploring the intimate connection of independence…