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Related papers: Peculiar velocities in dynamic spacetimes

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We develop a relativistic velocity space called \emph{rapidity space} from the single assumption of Lorentz invariance, and use it to visualize and calculate effects resulting from the successive application of non-colinear Lorentz boosts.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 John A. Rhodes , Mark D. Semon

The random flights are (continuous time) random walkswith finite velocity. Often, these models describe the stochastic motions arising in biology. In this paper we study the large time asymptotic behavior of random flights. We prove the…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-11-30 Alessandro De Gregorio , Claudio Macci

We study the dynamics of a particle moving in a square two-dimensional Lorentz lattice-gas. The underlying lattice-gas is occupied by two kinds of rotators, "right-rotator (R)" and "left-rotator (L)" and some of the sites are empty…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-01-06 Pranay Bimal Sampat , Sameer Kumar , Shradha Mishra

The Lorentz factor of a relativistic jet and its evolution during the jet expansion are difficult to estimate, especially for the jets in gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). However, it is related to the understanding of jet physics. Owing to the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-10-09 Da-Bin Lin , Rui-Jing Lu , Shen-Shi Du , Tong Liu , Xiang-Gao Wang , En-Wei Liang

We study the evolution of the ultra-relativistic shock wave in a plane-parallel atmosphere adjacent to a vacuum and the subsequent breakout phenomenon. When the density distribution has a power law with the distance from the surface, there…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Kazunori Nakayama , Toshikazu Shigeyama

We extend the earlier linear studies of cosmological peculiar velocities to Friedmann universes with nonzero spatial curvature. In the process, we also compare our results with those obtained in cosmologies with Euclidean spatial sections.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-08-28 Eleftheria P. Miliou , Christos G. Tsagas

Peculiar velocities are the motions of galaxies due to the gravitational influence of large-scale structure, and thus are an important cosmological probe of the underlying matter density field. In recent years the number of surveys designed…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-19 Ryan J. Turner

The ADM formalism together with a constant mean curvature (CMC) temporal gauge is used to derive the monotonic decay of a weak Lyapunov function of the Einstein dynamical equations in an expanding universe with a positive cosmological…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-04-08 Puskar Mondal

We consider the problem of describing the asymptotic behaviour of \textsc{FRW} universes near their spacetime singularities in general relativity. We find that the Bel-Robinson energy of these universes in conjunction with the Hubble…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Spiros Cotsakis , Ifigeneia Klaoudatou

Radio-loud active galactic nuclei are among the most powerful objects in the universe. In these objects, most of the emission comes from relativistic jets getting their power from the accretion of matter onto supermassive black holes.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-08-26 Thomas Vuillaume , Gilles Henri , Pierre-Olivier Petrucci

We study the Brownian motion of a single particle coupled to an external ac field in a two-dimensional random potential. We find that for small fields a large-scale vorticity pattern of the steady-state net currents emerges, a consequence…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Maxim A. Makeev , Imre Derényi , Albert-László Barabási

In this paper, we initiate the rigorous mathematical study of the problem of impulsive gravitational spacetime waves. We construct such spacetimes as solutions to the characteristic initial value problem of the Einstein vacuum equations…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-07-21 Jonathan Luk , Igor Rodnianski

Spontaneous Lorentz violation is a viable mechanism to look for Planck scale physics. In this work, we study spontaneous Lorentz violation models, in flat spacetime, where a vector field produces such a violation and matter is modeled by a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-01-26 Yuri Bonder , Carlos A. Escobar

Space-times exhibiting spontaneous Lorentz symmetry-breaking have recently attracted much attention, with Kalb-Ramond (KR) gravity providing a notable example. In this context, we examine the free-fall motion of a test particle toward an…

AGNs jets are known to display relativistic motion on parsec scales but the accelerating mechanism as well as the exact bulk Lorentz factor of the flow are still a matter of discussion. Under certain assumptions, a plasma can be accelerated…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-11-18 Thomas Vuillaume , Pierre-Olivier Petrucci , Gilles Henri

We present a relativistic-MHD numerical study of axisymmetric, magnetically driven jets with parameters applicable to gamma-ray burst (GRB) flows. We also present analytic expressions for the asymptotic jet shape and other flow parameters…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Serguei Komissarov , Nektarios Vlahakis , Arieh Konigl , Maxim Barkov

Nature succeeds in accelerating extended and massive objects to relativistic velocities. Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei and in galactic superluminal sources and gamma-ray bursts fireballs have bulk Lorentz factors from a few to several…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gabriele Ghisellini

Geometry of relativistic jets in active galaxies provides important information about mechanisms of launching, collimation and acceleration of plasma flow. We propose a new method to probe a boundary shape of a jet on parsec scales -- in…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-10-28 E. E. Nokhrina , I. N. Pashchenko , A. M. Kutkin

In this paper we continue our study of the Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) instability in relativistic planar jets following the long-term evolution of the numerical simulations which were introduced in Paper I. The models have been classified into…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. Perucho , J. M. Marti , M. Hanasz

We investigate the motion of free relativistic particles relative to the ambient medium around a gravitationally collapsed system. If the relative speed exceeds a critical value given by c/sqrt(2), the gravitational tidal effects exhibit…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 C. Chicone , B. Mashhoon