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In recent years solar oscillations have been studied in great detail, both observationally and theoretically; so, perhaps, the Sun currently is the best understood pulsating star. The observational studies include long, almost uninterrupted…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-02-01 A. G. Kosovichev

The Sun's axisymmetric flows, differential rotation and meridional flow, govern the dynamics of the solar magnetic cycle and variety of methods are used to measure these flows, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. Flow measurements…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-08 Sushant S. Mahajan , David H. Hathaway , Andrés Muñoz-Jaramillo , Petrus C. Martens

We have revisited the series of observations recently used to infer a temporal variation of the interstellar helium flow over the last forty years. Concerning the recent IBEX-Lo direct detection of Helium neutrals, there are two types of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-05-08 Rosine Lallement , Jean-Loup Bertaux

Meridional flow is thought to play a very important role in the dynamics of the solar convection zone; however, because of its relatively small amplitude, precisely measuring it poses a significant challenge. Here we present a complete…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-02 J. Jackiewicz , A. Serebryanskiy , S. Kholikov

At present, the heliosphere is embedded in a warm low density interstellar cloud that belongs to a cloud system flowing through the local standard of rest with a velocity near ~18 km/s. The velocity structure of the nearest interstellar…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Hans-R. Mueller , Priscilla C. Frisch , Vladimir Florinski , Gary P. Zank

Connecting the solar wind observed throughout the heliosphere to its origins in the solar corona is one of the central aims of heliophysics. The variability in the magnetic field, bulk plasma, and heavy ion composition properties of the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-26 B. J. Lynch , N. M. Viall , A. K. Higginson , L. Zhao , S. T. Lepri , X. Sun

Spectral analysis of the spatial structure of solar subphotospheric convection is carried out for subsurface flow maps constructed using the time--distance helioseismological technique. The source data are obtained from the Helioseismic and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-27 Alexander V. Getling , Alexander G. Kosovichev

An extensive analysis of Ulysses observations of the solar wind speed V from 1990 to 2008 is undertaken. It is shown that the evolution of V with heliocentric distance r depends substantially on both the heliolatitude and the solar activity…

We describe systematic changes in the centroid frequencies and the splitting coefficients as found using data from MDI on board SOHO, covering cycle 23. The data allow us to construct a seismic map of the evolving solar activity -- covering…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 W. A. Dziembowski , Philip R. Goode

We present a study of the solar wind over different periods of the solar cycle, specifically focussing on the minimum between solar cycles 24 and 25, and the active, ascending phase of solar cycle 25. With the use of interplanetary…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-18 A. Waszewski , J. S. Morgan , R. Ekers , M. Johnston-Hollitt , M. C. M. Cheung , N. D. R. Bhat , R. Chhetri , S. C. Fu

We analyze time series data of the fluctuations of slow solar wind velocity using rank order statistics. We selected a total of 18 datasets measured by the Helios spacecraft at a distance of 0.32 AU from the sun in the inner heliosphere.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2011-12-23 Vinita Suyal , Awadhesh Prasad , Harinder P. Singh

We have measured the physical properties of polar coronal holes from the minimum activity phase of solar cycle 23 (1996-1997) to the present minimum of solar cycle 24 (2007-2009) using the UVCS instrument on SOHO. Observations in H I Lyman…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-05-19 M. P. Miralles , S. R. Cranmer , A. V. Panasyuk , M. Uzzo

The Sun is moving through a warm ($\sim$6500 K) and partly ionized local interstellar cloud (LIC) with a velocity of $\sim$26 km/s. Recent measurements of the ionization of the LIC (Wolff et al., 1999) suggest that interstellar helium in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Vlad Izmodenov , Yury G. Malama , George Gloeckler , Johannes Geiss

The solar wind (SW) and the extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation modulate fluxes of interstellar and heliospheric particles inside the heliosphere both in time and in space. Understanding this modulation is necessary to correctly interpret…

Space Physics · Physics 2020-08-19 Justyna M. Sokół , D. J. McComas , M. Bzowski , M. Tokumaru

We resolve the paradox that although magnetic collimation of an isotropic solar wind results in an enhancement of its proton flux along the polar directions, several observations indicate a wind proton flux peaked at the equator. To that…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 K. Tsinganos , S. Bogovalov

Following the derivation of a more accurate model of the evolution of the solar Lyman-$\alpha$ line with the changing solar activity by Kowalska-leszczynska et al. 2018 (IKL18) than the formerly used model by Tarnopolski et al. 2009 (ST09),…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-21 Izabela Kowalska-Leszczynska , Maciej Bzowski , Justyna M. Sokół , Marzena A. Kubiak

We introduce an updated, time-dependent treatment to the split-tail ("croissant-like") heliosphere model with data-driven solar wind conditions at 1 au, to study the evolution of the heliosphere with solar-cycle variations in plasma speed,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-20 Chika Onubogu , M. Opher , E. Powell , S. Du , J. M. Sokół , J. D. Richardson , B. Van Der Holst

As a large-scale motion on the Sun, the meridional flow plays an important role in determining magnetic structure and strength and solar cycle. However, the meridional flow near the solar poles is still unclear. The Hinode observations show…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-29 Shuhong Yang , Jie Jiang , Zifan Wang , Yijun Hou , Chunlan Jin , Qiao Song , Yukun Luo , Ting Li , Jun Zhang , Yuzong Zhang , Guiping Zhou , Yuanyong Deng , Jingxiu Wang

We have used data collected by the Birmingham Solar-Oscillations Network (BiSON) to perform a helioseismic diagnosis of changes to the Sun's internal structure between four successive solar cycle minima, beginning with the minimum at the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-10 Sarbani Basu , William J. Chaplin , Rachel Howe , Yvonne Elsworth , Steven J. Hale , Eleanor Murray

The results of determinations of the azimuthal and meridional velocities by time-distance helioseismology from Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) onboard Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) from May 2010 to September 2020 at latitudes from…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-26 Alexander V. Getling , Alexander G. Kosovichev , Junwei Zhao