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We study the gravitational lensing of high-redshift sources in a LCDM universe. We have performed a series of ray-tracing experiments, and selected a subsample of cases of strong lensing (multiple images, arcs, and Einstein rings). For each…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Premana Premadi , Hugo Martel

We examine a gravitational lens model inspired by modified gravity theories and exotic matter and energy. We study an asymptotically flat, static, and spherically symmetric spacetime that is modified in such a way that the spacetime metric…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-12 Takao Kitamura , Koki Nakajima , Hideki Asada

To date, in almost all strong gravitational lensing analyses for modeling giant arc systems and multiple quasar images, it has been assumed that all the deflecting matter is concentrated in one lens plane at a certain distance - the thin…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Joachim Wambsganss , Paul Bode , Jeremiah P. Ostriker

We present an extension to multiple planes of the gravitational lensing code {\small GLAMER}. The method entails projecting the mass in the observed light-cone onto a discrete number of lens planes and inverse ray-shooting from the image to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Margarita Petkova , R. Benton Metcalf , Carlo Giocoli

We provide an in depth study of the theoretical peculiarities that arise in effective negative mass lensing, both for the case of a point mass lens and source, and for extended source situations. We describe novel observational signatures…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-16 Margarita Safonova , Diego F. Torres , Gustavo E. Romero

There are $\sim 1$, 0.1 and 0.01 gravitationally lensed X-ray sources per square degree with soft X-ray fluxes exceeding $10^{-15}, 10^{-14}$ and $10^{-13} ergs/s cm^{-2}$ respectively. These sources will be detected serendipitously with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 J. A. Munoz , C. S. Kochanek , E. E. Falco

Strong gravitational lensing is a key probe to trace dark matter. It assumes that mass curves spacetime so that light from a background source is deflected on its way to the observer. If dark matter contributes the major part to a massive…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-14 Jenny Wagner

A galaxy can act as a gravitational lens, producing multiple images of a background object. Theory predicts there should be an odd number of images but, paradoxically, almost all observed lenses have 2 or 4 images. The missing image should…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Joshua N. Winn , David Rusin , Christopher S. Kochanek

The study of light lensed by cosmic matter has yielded much information about astrophysical questions. Observations are explained using geometrical optics following a ray-based description of light. After deflection the lensed light…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-22 Valeria Rodriguez-Fajardo , Thao P. Nguyen , Kiyan S. Hocek , Jacob M. Freedman , Enrique J. Galvez

Many different families of mass models are used in modern applications of strong gravitational lensing. I review a wide range of popular models, with two points of emphasis: (1) a discussion of strategies for building models suited to a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Charles R. Keeton

Gravitational lensing provides a unique probe of the inner 10-1000 pc of distant galaxies (z=0.2-1). Lens theory predicts that every strong lens system should have a faint image near the center of the lens galaxy, which should be visible in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Charles R. Keeton

Extended dark matter (DM) substructures may play the role of microlenses in the Milky Way and in extragalactic gravitational lens systems (GLSs). We compare microlensing effects caused by point masses (Schwarzschild lenses) and extended…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-09-07 E. Fedorova , V. M. Sliusar , V. I. Zhdanov , A. N. Alexandrov , A. Del Popolo , J. Surdej

In this study, we explore gravitational lensing using more realistic dark matter halo models, moving beyond the limitations of spherical-collapse approximations. Through analytical calculations employing various mass functions, we address…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-13 Ali Tizfahm , Saeed Fakhry , Javad T. Firouzjaee , Antonino Del Popolo

I describe a new approach (developed in collaboration with D.E. Holz) to calculating the statistical distributions for magnification, shear, and rotation of images of cosmological sources due to gravitational lensing by mass inhomogeneities…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert M. Wald

Gravitational microlensing constraints on non-standard compact objects are conventionally derived assuming lenses trace the dark matter halo with velocities following a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution centered around $10^{-3}c$. However, a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-06 Manish Tamta , Nirmal Raj , Himanshu Verma

We propose a novel technique to refine the modelling of galaxy clusters mass distribution using gravitational lensing. The idea is to combine the strengths of both "parametric" and "non-parametric" methods to improve the quality of the fit.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Eric Jullo , Jean-Paul Kneib

Compact objects with magnetic dipole are considered as gravitational lenses. The presence of strong magnetic field near the photon sphere can affect the trajectory of light. We compute the deflection angle near the photon sphere on the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-03 Jin Young Kim

We investigated the effects of gravitational lensing for a system in which a lens is a point mass and a homogeneous disc with a central hole. In such system there is a variety of cases resulting in formation of one, two and three Einstein…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-30 Elena Yu. Bannikova , Albert T. Kotvytskiy

Surveys for gravitational lens systems have typically found a significantly larger fraction of lenses with four (or more) images than are predicted by standard ellipsoidal lens models (50% versus 25-30%). We show that including the effects…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 J. D. Cohn , C. S. Kochanek

By directly probing mass distributions, gravitational lensing offers several new tests of the CDM paradigm. Lens statistics place upper limits on the dark matter content of elliptical galaxies. Galaxies built from CDM mass distributions are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Charles R. Keeton