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We propose a proof of the downward L\"owenheim-Skolem that relies on strategies deriving from evaluation games instead of the Skolem normal forms. This proof is simpler, and easily understood by the students, although it requires, when…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2015-07-15 Jacques Duparc

A combinatorial game is a two-player game without hidden information or chance elements. The main object of combinatorial game theory is to obtain the outcome, which player has a winning strategy, of a given combinatorial game. Positions of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-27 Kengo Hashimoto

We present some categorical investigations into Wittgenstein's language-games, with applications to game-theoretic pragmatics and question-answering in natural language processing.

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Giovanni de Felice , Elena Di Lavore , Mario Román , Alexis Toumi

This paper presents an approach that brings together game theory with grammatical inference and discrete abstractions in order to synthesize control strategies for hybrid dynamical systems performing tasks in partially unknown but…

Robotics · Computer Science 2012-10-08 Jie Fu , Herbert G. Tanner , Jeffrey Heinz , Jane Chandlee , Konstantinos Karydis , Cesar Koirala

Automated theorem provers and formal proof assistants are general reasoning systems that are in theory capable of proving arbitrarily hard theorems, thus solving arbitrary problems reducible to mathematics and logical reasoning. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Lasse Blaauwbroek , David Cerna , Thibault Gauthier , Jan Jakubův , Cezary Kaliszyk , Martin Suda , Josef Urban

Deep inference is a proof theoretic methodology that generalizes the standard notion of inference of the sequent calculus, whereby inference rules become applicable at any depth inside logical expressions. Deep inference provides more…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Ozan Kahramanogullari

An idealized, though simplistic, view of the referring expression production and grounding process in (situated) dialogue assumes that a speaker must merely appropriately specify their expression so that the target referent may be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Bram Willemsen , Dmytro Kalpakchi , Gabriel Skantze

We study two-player inclusion games played over word-generating higher-order recursion schemes. While inclusion checks are known to capture verification problems, two-player games generalize this relationship to program synthesis. In such…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Matthew Hague , Roland Meyer , Sebastian Muskalla

Negotiation is one of the crucial abilities in human communication, and there has been a resurgent research interest in negotiation dialogue systems recently, which goal is to empower intelligent agents with such ability that can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Haolan Zhan , Yufei Wang , Tao Feng , Yuncheng Hua , Suraj Sharma , Zhuang Li , Lizhen Qu , Gholamreza Haffari

Games have long been a microcosm for studying planning and reasoning in both natural and artificial intelligence, especially with a focus on expert-level or even super-human play. But real life also pushes human intelligence along a…

Iterated reference games - in which players repeatedly pick out novel referents using language - present a test case for agents' ability to perform context-sensitive pragmatic reasoning in multi-turn linguistic environments. We tested…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Alvin Wei Ming Tan , Ben Prystawski , Veronica Boyce , Michael C. Frank

In this paper, we present an interactive semantics for derivations in an infinitary extension of classical logic. The formulas of our language are possibly infinitary trees labeled by propositional variables and logical connectives. We show…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-09-12 Michele Basaldella

Several different proof translations exist between classical and intuitionistic logic (negative translations), and intuitionistic and linear logic (Girard translations). Our aims in this paper are (1) to consider extensions of…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-11-11 Gilda Ferreira , Paulo Oliva , Clarence Lewis Protin

Any finite conversation can be rationalized.

General Economics · Economics 2023-05-18 John Geanakoplos , Herakles Polemarchakis

We propose a new model of provenance, based on a game-theoretic approach to query evaluation. First, we study games G in their own right, and ask how to explain that a position x in G is won, lost, or drawn. The resulting notion of game…

Databases · Computer Science 2013-11-20 Sven Köhler , Bertram Ludäscher , Daniel Zinn

Substitutions play a crucial role in a wide range of contexts, from analyzing the dynamics of social opinions and conducting mathematical computations to engaging in game-theoretical analysis. For many situations, considering one-step…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-08-01 Yaxin Tu , Sujata Ghosh , Fenrong Liu , Dazhu Li

We define a game semantics for second order classical arithmetic PA2 (with quantifiers over predicates on integers and full comprehension axiom). Our semantics is effective: moves are described by a finite amount of information and whenever…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-10-28 Stefano Berardi

In human conversation, both interlocutors play an active role in maintaining mutual understanding. When listeners are uncertain about what speakers mean, for example, they can request clarification. It is an open question for language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Manar Ali , Judith Sieker , Sina Zarrieß , Hendrik Buschmeier

We study a game for recognising formal languages, in which two players with imperfect information need to coordinate on a common decision, given private input words correlated by a finite graph. The players have a joint objective to avoid…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-04-27 Dietmar Berwanger , Marie van den Bogaard

Truth, consistency and elementary equivalence can all be characterised in terms of games, namely the so-called evaluation game, the model-existence game, and the Ehrenfeucht-Fraisse game. We point out the great affinity of these games to…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-03-23 Jouko Väänänen