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Related papers: Adaptive Survival Trials

200 papers

This work bridges the gap between staggered adoption designs and survival analysis to estimate causal effects in settings with time-varying treatments, addressing a fundamental challenge in medical research exemplified by the Stanford Heart…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-04 Xiang Meng , Iavor Bojinov

In oncology clinical trials, tumor burden (TB) stands as a crucial longitudinal biomarker, reflecting the toll a tumor takes on a patient's prognosis. With certain treatments, the disease's natural progression shows the tumor burden…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-09-24 Ethan M. Alt , Yixiang Qu , Emily Damone , Jing-ou Liu , Chenguang Wang , Joseph G. Ibrahim

With the ever-growing complexity of primary health care system, proactive patient failure management is an effective way to enhancing the availability of health care resource. One key enabler is the dynamic prediction of time-to-event…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-12 Jie Zhu , Blanca Gallego

FDA's Project Optimus initiative for oncology drug development emphasizes selecting a dose that optimizes both efficacy and safety. When an inferentially adaptive Phase 2/3 design with dose selection is implemented to comply with the…

Applications · Statistics 2024-12-12 Cong Chen , Mo Huang , Xuekui Zhang

In clinical trials, an experimental treatment is sometimes added on to a standard of care or control therapy in multiple treatment phases (e.g., concomitant and maintenance phases) to improve patient outcomes. When the new regimen provides…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-19 Sudipta Bhattacharya , Jyotirmoy Dey

In the era of precision medicine, time-to-event outcomes such as time to death or progression are routinely collected, along with high-throughput covariates. These high-dimensional data defy classical survival regression models, which are…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-15 Stephen Salerno , Yi Li

Comparing the survival times among two groups is a common problem in time-to-event analysis, for example if one would like to understand whether one medical treatment is superior to another. In the standard survival analysis setting, there…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-07 Dennis Dobler , Eni Musta

Introduction: Endpoint choice for randomized controlled trials of treatments for COVID-19 is complex. A new disease brings many uncertainties, but trials must start rapidly. COVID-19 is heterogeneous, ranging from mild disease that improves…

In learning-phase clinical trials in drug development, adaptive designs can be efficient and highly informative when used appropriately. In this article, we extend the multiple comparison procedures with modeling techniques (MCP-Mod)…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-08-02 Shiyang Ma , Michael P. McDermott

Over time, clinical trials have increasingly incorporated complex design and analysis elements such as interim analyses, adaptations, multiple endpoints, and sophisticated multiplicity schemes for multiple endpoints and/or treatment arms…

In a clinical trial with a survival outcome, an interim analysis is often performed to allow for early stopping for efficacy. If the interim analysis is early in the trial, one might conclude that a new treatment is more effective (compared…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-09 Marianne A Jonker , Steven Teerenstra

The majority of response-adaptive randomisation (RAR) designs in the literature rely on efficacy data to guide dynamic patient allocation. However, their applicability becomes limited in settings where efficacy outcomes, such as survival,…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-23 Maria Vittoria Chiaruttini , Lukas Pin , Sofia S. Villar

This PhD thesis covers breakthroughs in several areas of adaptive experiment design: (i) (Chapter 2) Novel clinical trial designs and statistical methods in the era of precision medicine. (ii) (Chapter 3) Multi-armed bandit theory, with…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-05-20 Michael Sklar

Time-to-event prediction, e.g. cancer survival analysis or hospital length of stay, is a highly prominent machine learning task in medical and healthcare applications. However, only a few interpretable machine learning methods comply with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Hubert Baniecki , Bartlomiej Sobieski , Patryk Szatkowski , Przemyslaw Bombinski , Przemyslaw Biecek

Encountering shifted data at test time is a ubiquitous challenge when deploying predictive models. Test-time adaptation (TTA) methods address this issue by continuously adapting a deployed model using only unlabeled test data. While TTA can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Mona Schirmer , Metod Jazbec , Christian A. Naesseth , Eric Nalisnick

While the gold standard for clinical trials is to blind all parties -- participants, researchers, and evaluators -- to treatment assignment, this is not always a possibility. When some or all of the above individuals know the treatment…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-12-22 E. J. Greene , P. Peduzzi , J. Dziura , C. Meng , M. E. Miller , T. G. Travison , D. Esserman

When a novel treatment has successfully passed phase I, different options to design subsequent phase II trials are available. One approach is a single-arm trial, comparing the response rate in the intervention group against a fixed…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-03 Johannes Krisam , Dorothea Weber , Richard F. Schlenk , Meinhard Kieser

Longitudinal observational patient data can be used to investigate the causal effects of time-varying treatments on time-to-event outcomes. Several methods have been developed for controlling for the time-dependent confounding that…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-08 Ruth H. Keogh , Jon Michael Gran , Shaun R. Seaman , Gwyneth Davies , Stijn Vansteelandt

It is generally appreciated that a frequentist analysis of a group sequential trial must in order to avoid inflating type I error account for the fact that one or more interim analyses were performed. It is also to a lesser extent realised…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-12 Simon Bang Kristensen , Erik Thorlund Parner

Time-to-event endpoints are frequently used as outcomes in oncology and other disease areas where the outcome of interest may not be observed within a predetermined period. Although many analytical methods address the challenges of…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-14 Chen-Yen Lin , Susan Halabi , Taehwa Choi