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This paper argues that the operations of a 'Universal Turing Machine' (UTM) and equivalent mechanisms such as the 'Post Canonical System' (PCS) - which are widely accepted as definitions of the concept of `computing' - may be interpreted as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 J Gerard Wolff

Many empirical networks display an inherent tendency to cluster, i.e. to form circles of connected nodes. This feature is typically measured by the clustering coefficient (CC). The CC, originally introduced for binary, undirected graphs,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-13 Giorgio Fagiolo

Relatedness is a quantification of how much two human activities are similar in terms of the inputs and contexts needed for their development. Under the idea that it is easier to move between related activities than towards unrelated ones,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-03-11 Andrea Tacchella , Andrea Zaccaria , Marco Miccheli , Luciano Pietronero

Concurrent data structures are the data sharing side of parallel programming. Data structures give the means to the program to store data, but also provide operations to the program to access and manipulate these data. These operations are…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2013-02-13 Daniel Cederman , Anders Gidenstam , Phuong Ha , Håkan Sundell , Marina Papatriantafilou , Philippas Tsigas

We investigate how contracts can be used to regulate the interaction between processes. To do that, we study a variant of the concurrent constraints calculus presented in [1], featuring primitives for multi-party synchronization via…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2010-10-28 Massimo Bartoletti , Roberto Zunino

Many dynamical phenomena display a cyclic behavior, in the sense that time can be partitioned into units within which distributional aspects of a process are homogeneous. In this paper, we introduce a class of models - called conjugate…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-05-05 Eduardo Horta , Flavio Ziegelmann

The Calculus of Wrapped Compartments (CWC) is a variant of the Calculus of Looping Sequences (CLS). While keeping the same expressiveness, CWC strongly simplifies the development of automatic tools for the analysis of biological systems.…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2010-06-29 Mario Coppo , Ferruccio Damiani , Maurizio Drocco , Elena Grassi , Angelo Troina

Prior work has extended the deep, logical connection between the linear sequent calculus and session-typed message-passing concurrent computation with equi-recursive types and a natural notion of subtyping. In this paper, we extend this…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-02-09 Coşku Acay , Frank Pfenning

This thesis describes our ongoing work on Contrastive Predictive Coding (CPC) features for speaker verification. CPC is a recently proposed representation learning framework based on predictive coding and noise contrastive estimation. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-04 Cheng-I Lai

Choreographic Programming is a development methodology for concurrent software that guarantees correctness by construction. The key to this paradigm is to disallow mismatched I/O operations in programs, called choreographies, and then…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-08-09 Luís Cruz-Filipe , Fabrizio Montesi

To support the understanding of declarative probabilistic programming languages, we introduce a lambda-calculus with a fair binary probabilistic choice that chooses between its arguments with equal probability. The reduction strategy of the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-05-31 David Sabel , Manfred Schmidt-Schauß , Luca Maio

Computation is commonly defined as the execution of abstract algorithms over symbolic representations, with physical systems treated as substrates that realise predefined operations. While effective for engineered machines, this separation…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-01-21 Kimia Witte

Formal reasoning about distributed algorithms (like Consensus) typically requires to analyze global states in a traditional state-based style. This is in contrast to the traditional action-based reasoning of process calculi. Nevertheless,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-08-08 Christoph Wagner , Uwe Nestmann

Synchrony patterns describe network states in which nodes of a coupled dynamical system are grouped into clusters based on synchronization between nodes. Beyond simple synchrony, synchronized clusters may also exhibit active or inactive…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2026-03-12 Anil Kumar , V. K. Chandrasekar , D. V. Senthilkumar

A temporal logic is presented for reasoning about the correctness of timed concurrent constraint programs. The logic is based on modalities which allow one to specify what a process produces as a reaction to what its environment inputs.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 F. S. de Boer , M. Gabbrielli , M. C. Meo

The concept of Probability of Causation (PC) is critically important in legal contexts and can help in many other domains. While it has been around since 1986, current operationalizations can obtain only the minimum and maximum values of…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-08-14 Tapajit Dey , Audris Mockus

Diagram chasing is not an easy task. The coherence holds in a generalized sense if we have a mechanical method to judge whether given two morphisms are equal to each other. A simple way to this end is to reform a concerned category into a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Ryu Hasegawa

Probabilistic models based on continuous latent spaces, such as variational autoencoders, can be understood as uncountable mixture models where components depend continuously on the latent code. They have proven to be expressive tools for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Alvaro H. C. Correia , Gennaro Gala , Erik Quaeghebeur , Cassio de Campos , Robert Peharz

Design-by-contract is an important technique for model-based design in which a composite system is specified by a collection of contracts that specify the behavioural assumptions and guarantees of each component. In this paper, we describe…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Simon Foster , Ana Cavalcanti , Samuel Canham , Jim Woodcock , Frank Zeyda

Full formal descriptions of algorithms making use of quantum principles must take into account both quantum and classical computing components and assemble them so that they communicate and cooperate.Moreover, to model concurrent and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Marie Lalire