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Supervised training of neural networks for classification is typically performed with a global loss function. The loss function provides a gradient for the output layer, and this gradient is back-propagated to hidden layers to dictate an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-09 Arild Nøkland , Lars Hiller Eidnes

We introduce the concept of scalable neural network kernels (SNNKs), the replacements of regular feedforward layers (FFLs), capable of approximating the latter, but with favorable computational properties. SNNKs effectively disentangle the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Arijit Sehanobish , Krzysztof Choromanski , Yunfan Zhao , Avinava Dubey , Valerii Likhosherstov

The three-way decisions strategy has been employed to construct network topology in a single hidden layer feedforward neural network (SFNN). However, this model has a general performance, and does not consider the process costs, since it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Youxi Wu , Shuhui Cheng , Yan Li , Rongjie Lv , Fan Min

We present flattened convolutional neural networks that are designed for fast feedforward execution. The redundancy of the parameters, especially weights of the convolutional filters in convolutional neural networks has been extensively…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-11-23 Jonghoon Jin , Aysegul Dundar , Eugenio Culurciello

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are so over-parametrized that recent research has found them to already contain a subnetwork with high accuracy at their randomly initialized state. Finding these subnetworks is a viable alternative training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-25 Ángel López García-Arias , Masanori Hashimoto , Masato Motomura , Jaehoon Yu

Modern iterations of deep learning models contain millions (billions) of unique parameters, each represented by a b-bit number. Popular attempts at compressing neural networks (such as pruning and quantisation) have shown that many of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Christopher Subia-Waud , Srinandan Dasmahapatra

This paper develops a randomized approach for incrementally building deep neural networks, where a supervisory mechanism is proposed to constrain the random assignment of the weights and biases, and all the hidden layers have direct links…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-19 Dianhui Wang , Ming Li

In supervised learning, it is known that overparameterized neural networks with one hidden layer provably and efficiently learn and generalize, when trained using stochastic gradient descent with a sufficiently small learning rate and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-24 Kulin Shah , Amit Deshpande , Navin Goyal

This paper provides an explicit formula for the approximation error of single hidden layer neural networks with two fixed weights.

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Vugar Ismailov

A very popular model in machine learning is the feedforward neural network (FFN). The FFN can approximate general functions and mitigate the curse of dimensionality. Here we introduce FFNs which represent sections of holomorphic line…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2021-05-11 Michael R. Douglas

Classical neural network approximation results take the form: for every function $f$ and every error tolerance $\epsilon > 0$, one constructs a neural network whose architecture and weights depend on $\epsilon$. This paper introduces a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Clemens Hutter , Valentin Abadie , Helmut Bölcskei

This paper studies the approximation capabilities of neural networks that combine layer normalization (LN) with linear layers. We prove that networks consisting of two linear layers with parallel layer normalizations (PLNs) inserted between…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yunhao Ni , Yuxin Guo , Yuhe Liu , Wenxin Sun , Jie Luo , Wenjun Wu , Lei Huang

Error backpropagation is a highly effective mechanism for learning high-quality hierarchical features in deep networks. Updating the features or weights in one layer, however, requires waiting for the propagation of error signals from…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-11-21 Hesham Mostafa , Vishwajith Ramesh , Gert Cauwenberghs

We propose a custom learning algorithm for shallow over-parameterized neural networks, i.e., networks with single hidden layer having infinite width. The infinite width of the hidden layer serves as an abstraction for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Alexis Teter , Iman Nodozi , Abhishek Halder

The parameter space for any fixed architecture of feedforward ReLU neural networks serves as a proxy during training for the associated class of functions - but how faithful is this representation? It is known that many different parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 J. Elisenda Grigsby , Kathryn Lindsey , David Rolnick

We consider gradient-based optimisation of wide, shallow neural networks, where the output of each hidden node is scaled by a positive parameter. The scaling parameters are non-identical, differing from the classical Neural Tangent Kernel…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-19 Francois Caron , Fadhel Ayed , Paul Jung , Hoil Lee , Juho Lee , Hongseok Yang

Feedforward neural networks (FNNs) can be viewed as non-linear regression models, where covariates enter the model through a combination of weighted summations and non-linear functions. Although these models have some similarities to the…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-02 Andrew McInerney , Kevin Burke

A neural network with one hidden layer or a two-layer network (regardless of the input layer) is the simplest feedforward neural network, whose mechanism may be the basis of more general network architectures. However, even to this type of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Changcun Huang

Employing equivariance in neural networks leads to greater parameter efficiency and improved generalization performance through the encoding of domain knowledge in the architecture; however, the majority of existing approaches require an a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Emmanouil Theodosis , Karim Helwani , Demba Ba

Extreme learning machine (ELM), proposed by Huang et al., has been shown a promising learning algorithm for single-hidden layer feedforward neural networks (SLFNs). Nevertheless, because of the random choice of input weights and biases, the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-09-16 Yuguang Wang , Feilong Cao , Yubo Yuan