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The most succinct manifestation of the second law of thermodynamics is the limitation the Landauer principle imposes on the amount of heat a Maxwell demon (MD) can convert into free energy per single bit of information obtained in a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-01-29 J. V. Koski , V. F. Maisi , J. P. Pekola , D. V. Averin

Biological, artificial, and physical systems dissipate energy to accurately transmit information. While tools of information theory have been used to characterize information-processing capabilities, how reliably this information is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-05-29 Giorgio Nicoletti , Daniel M. Busiello

We analyze an autonomous micro-engine as a closed quantum mechanical system, including the work it performs and the fuel it consumes. Our model system shows by example that it is possible to transfer energy steadily and spontaneously…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-04-12 Lukas Gilz , Eike P. Thesing , James R. Anglin

A diffusive process that is reset to its origin at random times, so-called stochastic resetting (SR), is an ubiquitous expedient in many natural systems . Yet, beyond its ability to improve the efficiency of target searching, SR is a true…

The classical Jarzynski equality establishes an exact relation between the stochastic work performed on a system driven out of thermal equilibrium and the free energy difference in a corresponding quasi-static process. This fluctuation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-21 Konstantin Beyer , Walter T. Strunz

The two-time measurement scheme is well studied in the context of quantum fluctuation theorem. However, it becomes infeasible when the random variable determined by a single measurement trajectory is associated with the von-Neumann entropy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-20 Akira Sone , Naoki Yamamoto , Tharon Holdsworth , Prineha Narang

We reconsider a well-known relationship between the fluctuation theorem and the second law of thermodynamics by evaluating a probability measure-valued process. In order to establish a bridge between microscopic and macroscopic behaviors,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-03-19 Yuki Sughiyama , Masayuki Ohzeki

Non-equilibrium thermodynamics and quantum information theory are interrelated research fields witnessing an increasing interest, both theoretical and experimental. This is manly due to the broadness of these theories, which found…

Recently Sagawa and Ueda [Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 080403 (2008)] derived a bound on the work that can be extracted from a quantum system with the use of feedback control. They left open the question of whether this bound could be achieved for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-08-05 Kurt Jacobs

We consider in this paper, a few important issues in non-equilibrium work fluctuations and their relations to equilibrium free energies. First we show that Jarzynski identity can be viewed as a cumulant expansion of work. For a switching…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-20 M Suman Kalyan , G Anjan Prasad , V S S Sastry , K P N Murthy

We introduce a family of Maxwellian Demons for which correlations among information bearing degrees of freedom can be calculated exactly and in compact analytical form. This allows one to precisely determine Demon functional thermodynamic…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-03-23 A. B. Boyd , D. Mandal , J. P. Crutchfield

External piecewise-constant feedback control can modify energetic and entropic balances, allowing in extreme scenarios for Maxwell demon operational modes. Without specifying the actual implementation of external feedback loops, one can…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-07-30 Gernot Schaller

We have investigated the recently proposed self-consistent theory of fluctuation - induced transport. In this framework the subsystem under study is coupled to two independent baths at different temperatures. In this non-equilibrium system…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-28 A. M. Jayannavar

Information-driven engines that rectify thermal fluctuations are a modern realization of the Maxwell-demon thought experiment. We introduce a simple design based on a heavy colloidal particle, held by an optical trap and immersed in water.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-05-21 Tushar K. Saha , Joseph N. E. Lucero , Jannik Ehrich , David A. Sivak , John Bechhoefer

The Jarzynski equality is one of the most influential results in the field of non equilibrium statistical mechanics. This celebrated equality allows to calculate equilibrium free energy differences from work distributions of nonequilibrium…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-09-13 Shahaf Asban , Saar Rahav

Thermodynamic uncertainty relations quantify how the signal-to-noise ratio of a given observable is constrained by dissipation. Fluctuation relations generalize the second law of thermodynamics to stochastic processes. We show that any…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-11-26 Patrick P. Potts , Peter Samuelsson

Based on the observation that the thermodynamic equilibrium free energy of an open quantum system in contact with a thermal environment can be understood as the difference between the free energy of the total system and that of the bare…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-06-01 Michele Campisi , Peter Talkner , Peter Hänggi

The Jarzynski equality (JE), which relates works of non-equilibrium trajectories to the free energy difference of the initial and final states of the non-equilibrium process, provides an efficient way to calculate free energies of systems…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-04-20 Biao Wan , Cheng Yang , Yanting Wang , Xin Zhou

Jarzynski's equality (JE) allows us to compute free energy differences from distributions of work. In molecular dynamics simulations, the traditional way of constructing work distributions is to perform as many pulling simulations as…

Computational Physics · Physics 2012-05-07 Van Ngo

Jarzynski's nonequilibrium work relation can be understood as the realization of the (hidden) time-generator reciprocal symmetry satisfied for the conditional probability function. To show this, we introduce the reciprocal process where the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-02-09 T. Koide