English
Related papers

Related papers: Nucleosynthesis in Hot and Dense Media

200 papers

The influence of nucleons superfluidity on the beta relaxation time of degenerate neutron star cores, composed of neutrons, protons and electrons, is investigated. We numerically calculate the implied reduction factors for both direct and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 L. Villain , P. Haensel

Observations of soft X-ray transients in quiescence suggest the existence of heat sources in the crust of accreting neutron stars. Heat is thought to be released by electroweak and nuclear processes triggered by the burying of ashes of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-12-12 A. F. Fantina , J. L. Zdunik , N. Chamel , J. M. Pearson , P. Haensel , S. Goriely

Light, weakly-coupled dark sectors may be naturally decoupled in the early universe and enter equilibrium with the Standard Model bath during the epoch of primordial nucleosynthesis. The equilibration and eventual decoupling of dark sector…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-07-31 Asher Berlin , Nikita Blinov , Shirley Weishi Li

The temperature dependence of stellar electron-capture (EC) rates is investigated, with a focus on nuclei around $N=50$, just above $Z=28$, which play an important role during the collapse phase of core-collapse supernovae (CCSN). Two new…

We use Big Bang Nucleosynthesis calculations and light element abundance data to constrain the relative variation of the deuteron binding energy since the universe was a few minutes old, $\delta Q = Q(BBN)-Q(present)$. Two approaches are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-08-18 V. F. Dmitriev , V. V. Flambaum , J. K. Webb

We construct a new class of phenomenological equations of state for homogeneous matter for use in simulations of hot and dense matter in local thermodynamic equilibrium. We construct a functional form which respects experimental,…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-02-20 Xingfu Du , Andrew W. Steiner , Jeremy W. Holt

We investigate the impact of a nonstandard electron mass $m_e$ on early-Universe thermal history, focusing on neutrino decoupling and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN). In the standard cosmology, neutrino--electron interactions keep neutrinos…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-05-28 Michela Garramone , Stefano Gariazzo , Nicolao Fornengo

The synthesis of nuclei in diverse cosmic scenarios is reviewed, with a summary of the basic concepts involved before a discussion of the current status in each case is made. We review the physics of the early universe, the proton to…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-06-22 Carlos A. Bertulani , Toshitaka Kajino

We investigate the effect of temperature on $\alpha$-particle clustering in the diluted nucleus $^{16}\text{O}$ using the multi-constrained finite-temperature relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov model with the DD-ME2 interaction. At a critical…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-06-03 M. Davies , E. Yüksel , J. -P. Ebran , E. Khan , P. Stevenson

We analyse the process of reheating the Universe in the electroweak theory where the Higgs field plays a role of the inflaton. We estimate the maximal temperature of the Universe and fix the initial conditions for radiation-dominated phase…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-04-14 F. Bezrukov , D. Gorbunov , M. Shaposhnikov

In stellar environments nuclei appear at finite temperatures, becoming extremely hot in core-collapse supernovae and neutron star mergers. However, due to theoretical and computational complexity, most model calculations of nuclear…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2023-09-19 Ante Ravlić , Esra Yüksel , Tamara Nikšić , Nils Paar

Renormalization scheme of QED (Quantum Electrodynamics) at high temperatures is used to calculate the effective parameters of relativistic plasma in the early universe. Renormalization constants of QED play role of effective parameters of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-13 Samina S. Masood

The primordial abundances of deuterium, helium-3, helium-4, and lithium-7 probe the baryon density of the Universe only a few minutes after the Big Bang. Of these relics from the early Universe, deuterium is the baryometer of choice. After…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gary Steigman

Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) relates key cosmological parameters to the primordial abundance of light elements. In this paper, we point out that the recent observations of Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies by the Planck satellite…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-08-06 Eleonora Di Valentino , Carlo Gustavino , Julien Lesgourgues , Gianpiero Mangano , Alessandro Melchiorri , Gennaro Miele , Ofelia Pisanti

Tests of big bang nucleosynthesis and early universe cosmology require precision measurements for helium abundance determinations. However, efforts to determine the primordial helium abundance via observations of metal poor H II regions…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Erik Aver , Keith A. Olive , Evan D. Skillman

Growing evidence suggests that the first generation of stars may have been quite massive (~100-300 M_sun). Could these stars have left a distinct nucleosynthetic signature? We explore the nucleosynthesis of helium cores in the mass range…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 A. Heger , S. E. Woosley

A new approach that is a combination of classical thermodynamics and macroscopic kinetics is offered for studying the nucleation kinetics in condensed binary solutions. The theory covers the separation of liquid and solid solutions…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2018-11-14 Nikolay V. Alekseechkin

Transport properties of dense liquid helium under the conditions of planet's core and cool atmosphere of white dwarfs have been investigated by using the improved centroid path-integral simulations combined with density functional theory.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-02-17 Dongdong Kang , Jiayu Dai , Huayang Sun , Jianmin Yuan

Quantifying the effects of finite temperature and density (FTD) on particle properties is essential for understanding phenomena within and beyond the Standard Model. In this work, we present a simplified framework for calculating particle…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-07-22 Nirmalya Brahma , Saniya Heeba , Hugo Schérer , Katelin Schutz

Following a brief introduction to early Universe cosmology, the current of status of big bang nucleosynthesis is reviewed and the concordance between theory and observation is examined in detail. The abundances of He4 and Li7 determine the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Keith A. Olive