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Excitons are two-particle correlated bound states that are formed due to Coulomb interaction between single-particle holes and electrons. In the solid-state, cooperative interactions with surrounding quasiparticles can strongly tailor the…

Excitons, Coulomb-bound electron-hole pairs, are the fundamental excitations governing the optoelectronic properties of semiconductors. While optical signatures of excitons have been studied extensively, experimental access to the excitonic…

The bound electron-hole pairs known as excitons govern the optical properties of insulating solids. While their behavior in equilibrium is well-understood theoretically, the nonequilibrium regime at high excitation densities-where phenomena…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-31 Pushpendra Yadav

The optical responses of semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides are dominated by excitons. Being able to strongly interact with light and other materials excitations, excitons in semiconductors are prototypes for investigating…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-01-28 Xuke Jiang , Masoud Taleb , Florian Diekmann , Kai Rossnagel , Nahid Talebi

Excitons, composite electron-hole quasiparticles, are known to play an important role in optoelectronic phenomena in many semiconducting materials. Recent experiments and theory indicate that the band-gap optics of the newly discovered…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-09-02 Yuri N. Gartstein , Xiao Li , Chuanwei Zhang

When electron-hole pairs are excited in a semiconductor, it is a priori not clear if they form a fermionic plasma of unbound particles or a bosonic exciton gas. Usually, the exciton phase is associated with low temperatures. In atomically…

Excitons play an essential role in the optical response of two-dimensional materials. These are bound states showing up in the band gaps of many-body systems and are conceived as quasiparticles formed by an electron and a hole. By…

Semiconductors in all dimensionalities ranging from 0D quantum dots and molecules to 3D bulk crystals support bound electron-hole pair quasiparticles termed as excitons. Over the past two decades, the emergence of a variety of…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-08-03 Surendra B. Anantharaman , Kiyoung Jo , Deep Jariwala

Excitons -- bound electron-hole pairs -- play a central role in light-matter interaction phenomena, and are crucial for wide-ranging applications from light harvesting and generation to quantum information processing. A long-standing…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-08-15 Jenny Hu , Etienne Lorchat , Xueqi Chen , Kenji Watanabe , Takashi Taniguchi , Tony F. Heinz , Puneet A. Murthy , Thibault Chervy

Atomically thin materials such as graphene and monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) exhibit remarkable physical properties resulting from their reduced dimensionality and crystal symmetry. The family of semiconducting…

Excitons, quasiparticles of electrons and holes bound by Coulombic attraction, are created transiently by light and play an important role in optoelectronics, photovoltaics and photosynthesis. While they are also predicted to form…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-09-29 Keisuke Fukutani , Roland Stania , Chang Il Kwon , Jun Sung Kim , Ki Jeong Kong , Jaeyoung Kim , Han Woong Yeom

Excitons -- two-particle correlated electron-hole pairs -- are the dominant low-energy optical excitation in the broad class of semiconductor materials, which range from classical silicon to perovskites, and from two-dimensional to organic…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-11-25 Marcel Reutzel , G. S. Matthijs Jansen , Stefan Mathias

Excitons are neutral excitations that are composed of electrons and holes bound together by their attractive Coulomb interaction. The electron and the hole forming the exciton also interact with the underlying atomic lattice, and this…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-01-18 Zhenbang Dai , Chao Lian , Jon Lafuente-Bartolome , Feliciano Giustino

Enhanced Coulomb interactions in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides cause tightly bound electron-hole pairs (excitons) which dominate their linear and nonlinear optical response. The latter includes bleaching, energy…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-06-25 Florian Katsch , Malte Selig , Andreas Knorr

The concept of \textit{optical} exciton - a photo-excited bound electron-hole pair within a crystal - is routinely used to interpret and model a wealth of excited-state phenomena in semiconductors. Beside originating sub-band gap signatures…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-09-21 Fulvio Paleari , Andrea Marini

Many of the fundamental optical and electronic properties of atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides are dominated by strong Coulomb interactions between electrons and holes, forming tightly bound atom-like excitons. Here, we…

In transition metal dichalcogenides layers of atomic scale thickness, the electron-hole Coulomb interaction potential is strongly influenced by the sharp discontinuity of the dielectric function across the layer plane. This feature results…

Exciton many-body interaction bear great implication for application in advanced photonic devices and quantum science and technology such as quantum computing, but the fundamental understanding about exciton many-body interaction is very…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-09-17 Yiling Yu , Guoqing Li , Linyou Cao

Due to a strong Coulomb interaction, excitons dominate the excitation kinetics in 2D materials. While Coulomb-scattering between electrons has been well studied, the interaction of excitons is more challenging and remains to be explored. As…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-01-27 Daniel Erkensten , Samuel Brem , Ermin Malic

Excitons, Coulomb-bound electron-hole pairs, play a fundamental role in both optical excitation and correlated phenomena in solids. When an exciton interacts with other quasi-particles, few- and many-body excited states, such as trions,…

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