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The existence of large and extreme claims of a non-life insurance portfolio influences the ability of (re)insurers to estimate the reserve. The excess over-threshold method provides a way to capture and model the typical behaviour of…

Applications · Statistics 2019-11-07 Yinzhi Wang , Ingrid Hobæk Haff , Arne Huseby

Flood quantile estimation is of great importance for many engineering studies and policy decisions. However, practitioners must often deal with small data available. Thus, the information must be used optimally. In the last decades, to…

Applications · Statistics 2009-11-13 Mathieu Ribatet , Taha B. M. J. Ouarda , Eric Sauquet , Jean-Michel Grésillon

We develop two models for the temporal evolution of extreme events of multivariate $k$th order Markov processes. The foundation of our methodology lies in the conditional extremes model of Heffernan & Tawn (2004), and it naturally extends…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-03-01 Stan Tendijck , Philip Jonathan , David Randell , Jonathan Tawn

The analysis of extremes in climate models is hindered by the lack of statistics due to the computational costs required to run simulations long enough to sample rare events. We demonstrate how rare event algorithms can improve the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-07-07 Francesco Ragone , Freddy Bouchet

Extreme sea level estimates are fundamental for mitigating against coastal flooding as they provide insight for defence engineering. As the global climate changes, rising sea levels combined with increases in storm intensity and frequency…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-08-02 Eleanor D'Arcy , Jonathan A. Tawn

We investigate the effect that the choice of measurement scale has upon inference and extrapolation in extreme value analysis. Separate analyses of variables from a single process on scales which are linked by a nonlinear transformation may…

Applications · Statistics 2010-11-17 J. L. Wadsworth , J. A. Tawn , P. Jonathan

We present the winning strategy for the EVA2025 Data Challenge, which aimed to estimate the probability of extreme precipitation events. These events occurred at most once in the dataset making the challenge fundamentally one of…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-29 Joseph de Vilmarest , Olivier Wintenberger

Consider an ergodic measure preserving dynamical system $(T,X,\mu)$, and an observable $\phi:X\to\mathbb{R}$. For the time series $X_n(x)=\phi(T^{n}(x))$, we establish limit laws for the maximum process $M_n=\max_{k\leq n}X_k$ in the case…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-05-13 Meagan Carney , Mark Holland , Matthew Nicol

A nonanticipative analog method is used for the long-term forecast of air temperature extremes. The data to be used for prediction include average daily air temperature, mean visibility, mean wind speed, mean dew point, maximum and minimum…

Applications · Statistics 2015-07-14 Dmytro Zubov , Humberto A. Barbosa , Gregory S. Duane

In many contexts such as queuing theory, spatial statistics, geostatistics and meteorology, data are observed at irregular spatial positions. One model of this situation involves considering the observation points as generated by a Poisson…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-08-07 Tucker McElroy , Dimitris N. Politis

Reliable estimates of sea level return levels are crucial for coastal flooding risk assessments and for coastal flood defence design. We describe a novel method for estimating extreme sea levels that is the first to capture seasonality,…

Applications · Statistics 2022-07-21 Eleanor D'Arcy , Jonathan A. Tawn , Amélie Joly , Dafni E. Sifnioti

We aim to analyze the behaviour of a finite-time stochastic system, whose model is not available, in the context of more rare and harmful outcomes. Standard estimators are not effective in making predictions about such outcomes due to their…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-29 Evan Arsenault , Yuheng Wang , Margaret P. Chapman

This paper introduces a novel measure to quantify the directional dependence of extreme events between two variables. The proposed approach is designed to capture asymmetric tail dependence by studying conditional tail expectations of…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-06 Matthieu Garcin , Maxime L. D. Nicolas

Modern statistical analyses often encounter datasets with massive sizes and heavy-tailed distributions. For datasets with massive sizes, traditional estimation methods can hardly be used to estimate the extreme value index directly. To…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-26 Yongxin Li , Liujun Chen , Deyuan Li , Hansheng Wang

Applications of satellite data in areas such as weather tracking and modeling, ecosystem monitoring, wildfire detection, and land-cover change are heavily dependent on the trade-offs to spatial, spectral and temporal resolutions of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Thomas Vandal , Ramakrishna Nemani

The size distribution of planned and forced outages and following restoration times in power systems have been studied for almost two decades and has drawn great interest as they display heavy tails. Understanding of this phenomenon has…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-08-09 Bálint Hartmann , Shengfeng Deng , Géza Ódor , Jeffrey Kelling

We develop a model for point processes on the real line, where the intensity can be locally unbounded without inducing an explosion. In contrast to an orderly point process, for which the probability of observing more than one event over a…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-01-16 Kim Christensen , Alexei Kolokolov

Modelling of precipitation and its extremes is important for urban and agriculture planning purposes. We present a method for producing spatial predictions and measures of uncertainty for spatio-temporal data that is heavy-tailed and…

Applications · Statistics 2014-11-19 Yang Liu , Philip Kokic

One of the goals of climate science is to characterize the statistics of extreme and potentially dangerous events in the present and future climate. Extreme events like heat waves, droughts, or floods due to persisting rains are…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 Francesco Ragone , Freddy Bouchet

The maximum likelihood estimation for a time-dependent nonstationary (NS) extreme value model is often too sensitive to influential observations, such as large values toward the end of a sample. Thus, alternative methods using L-moments…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-03 Yire Shin , Yonggwan Shin , Jeong-Soo Park