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Central to the success of Transformers is the attention block, which effectively models global dependencies among input tokens associated to a dataset. However, we theoretically demonstrate that standard attention mechanisms in transformers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hemanth Saratchandran

Second-order optimization methods offer notable advantages in training deep neural networks by utilizing curvature information to achieve faster convergence. However, traditional second-order techniques are computationally prohibitive,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 James Vo

In this work we propose a novel block preconditioner, labelled Explicit Decoupling Factor Approximation (EDFA), to accelerate the convergence of Krylov subspace solvers used to address the sequence of non-symmetric systems of linear…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-07-07 Stefano Nardean , Massimiliano Ferronato , Ahmad S. Abushaikha

Polynomial preconditioning is an important tool in solving large linear systems and eigenvalue problems. A polynomial from GMRES can be used to precondition restarted GMRES and restarted Arnoldi. Here we give methods for indefinite matrices…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-17 Hayden Henson , Ronald B. Morgan

A general, variational approach to derive low-order reduced systems is presented. The approach is based on the concept of optimal parameterizing manifold (OPM) that substitutes the more classical notions of invariant or slow manifold when…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-09-18 Mickaël D. Chekroun , Honghu Liu , James C. McWilliams

We introduce a unified framework for computing approximately-optimal preconditioners for solving linear and non-linear systems of equations. We demonstrate that the condition number minimization problem, under structured transformations…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-09 M. Levent Doğan , Alperen Ergür , Elias Tsigaridas

This paper introduces a new sweeping preconditioner for the iterative solution of the variable coefficient Helmholtz equation in two and three dimensions. The algorithms follow the general structure of constructing an approximate $LDL^t$…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2010-08-03 Björn Engquist , Lexing Ying

Eigenvalue problems and linear systems of equations involving large symmetric matrices are commonly solved in quantum chemistry using Krylov space methods, such as the Davidson algorithm. The preconditioner is a key component of Krylov…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-04-29 Zehao Zhou , Shane M. Parker

We consider a large-scale matrix multiplication problem where the computation is carried out using a distributed system with a master node and multiple worker nodes, where each worker can store parts of the input matrices. We propose a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-01-25 Qian Yu , Mohammad Ali Maddah-Ali , A. Salman Avestimehr

We study preconditioned gradient-based optimization methods where the preconditioning matrix has block-diagonal form. Such a structural constraint comes with the advantage that the update computation is block-separable and can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Celestine Mendler-Dünner , Aurelien Lucchi

We propose algorithms for efficient time integration of large systems of oscillatory second order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) whose solution can be expressed in terms of trigonometric matrix functions. Our algorithms are based on…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-07 M. A. Botchev , L. A. Knizhnerman , M. Schweitzer

Quadratization problem is, given a system of ODEs with polynomial right-hand side, transform the system to a system with quadratic right-hand side by introducing new variables. Such transformations have been used, for example, as a…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2021-05-14 Andrey Bychkov , Gleb Pogudin

Reward fine-tuning has become a common approach for aligning pretrained diffusion and flow models with human preferences in text-to-image generation. Among reward-gradient-based methods, Adjoint Matching (AM) provides a principled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jeongwoo Shin , Dongsoo Shin , Yuchen Zhu , Wei Guo , Yongxin Chen , Joonseok Lee , Jaewoong Choi , Jaemoo Choi

A generalized prefactorization of compact schemes aimed at reducing the stencil and improving the computational efficiency is proposed here in the framework of transport equations. By the prefactorization introduced here, the computational…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-02-13 Adrian Sescu

Muon has emerged as a promising optimizer for large-scale foundation model pre-training by exploiting the matrix structure of neural network updates through iterative orthogonalization. However, its practical efficiency is limited by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Ziyue Liu , Ruijie Zhang , Zhengyang Wang , Yequan Zhao , Yupeng Su , Zi Yang , Zheng Zhang

Based on a preconditioned version of the randomized block-coordinate forward-backward algorithm recently proposed in [Combettes,Pesquet,2014], several variants of block-coordinate primal-dual algorithms are designed in order to solve a wide…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-10-28 Jean-Christophe Pesquet , Audrey Repetti

We propose new primal-dual decomposition algorithms for solving systems of inclusions involving sums of linearly composed maximally monotone operators. The principal innovation in these algorithms is that they are block-iterative in the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-11-30 Patrick L. Combettes , Jonathan Eckstein

This paper introduces a novel Transformed Primal-Dual with variable-metric/preconditioner (TPDv) algorithm, designed to efficiently solve affine constrained optimization problems common in nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs).…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-12-20 Long Chen , Ruchi Guo , Jingrong Wei

Modern adaptive optimization methods, such as Adam and its variants, have emerged as the most widely used tools in deep learning over recent years. These algorithms offer automatic mechanisms for dynamically adjusting the update step based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Son Nguyen , Bo Liu , Lizhang Chen , Qiang Liu

Recent literature has advocated the use of randomized methods for accelerating the solution of various matrix problems arising throughout data science and computational science. One popular strategy for leveraging randomization is to use it…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-27 Boris Shustin , Haim Avron