Related papers: Self-consistent conversion of a viscous fluid to p…
Comparing hydrodynamic simulations to heavy-ion data inevitably requires the conversion of the fluid to particles. This conversion, typically done in the Cooper-Frye formalism, is ambiguous for viscous fluids. We compute self-consistent…
The quantitative extraction of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) properties from heavy-ion data, such as its specific shear viscosity $\eta /s$, typically requires comparison to viscous hydrodynamic or "hybrid" hydrodynamics+transport simulations.…
Identified particle observables from viscous hydrodynamics are sensitive to the fluid-to-particle conversion. Instead of the commonly assumed "democratic" Grad ansatz for phase space corrections $\delta f$, we utilize corrections calculated…
Comparison of heavy-ion experiments to fluid dynamics simulations requires the conversion of the fluid to particles. Extending the approach in Molnar & Wolff, PRC 95, 024903 (2017), this work presents self-consistent bulk viscous…
Comparison of hydrodynamic calculations with experimental data inevitably requires a model for converting the fluid to particles. In this work, nonlinear $2\to 2$ kinetic theory is used to assess the overall accuracy of various shear…
The transverse momentum dependence of elliptic flow of pions calculated in a full (3+1)d Boltzmann approach with an intermediate hydrodynamic stage for heavy ion reactions for CERN-SPS energies is discussed in the context of the…
We introduce a positive definite single-particle distribution that is suitable for describing the transition from a macroscopic hydrodynamic to a microscopic kinetic description during the late stages of heavy-ion collisions in the presence…
A novel formulation of second-order relativistic viscous fluid dynamics based on the effective Boltzmann equation for quasi-particles with medium-dependent masses is briefly reviewed.~The evolution equations for the shear and bulk…
A hybrid transport approach for the bulk evolution of viscous QCD matter produced in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions is presented. The expansion of the dense deconfined phase of the reaction is modeled with viscous hydrodynamics…
In hybrid models, which combine hydrodynamical and transport approaches to describe different stages of heavy-ion collisions, conversion of fluid to individual particles, particlization, is a non-trivial technical problem. We describe in…
We investigate fluid-to-particle conversion using the usual Cooper-Frye approach but with more general local equilibrium distributions than the Boltzmann or Bose/Fermi distributions typically used. Even though we study ideal fluids (i.e.,…
A comprehensive viscous hydrodynamic fit of spectra and elliptic flow for charged hadrons and identified pions and protons from Au+Au collisions of all centralities measured at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider is performed and used as…
Considering a gas of self-propelled particles with binary interactions, we derive the hydrodynamic equations governing the density and velocity fields from the microscopic dynamics, in the framework of the associated Boltzmann equation.…
Viscous hydrodynamics is commonly used to model the evolution of the matter created in an ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collision. It provides a good description of transverse momentum spectra and anisotropic flow. These observables,…
Based on a viscous hydrodynamic model with anisotropically perturbed Gubser flow and isothermal Cooper-Frye freezeout at early times, we analytically compute the flow harmonics $v_n(p_T)$ and study how they scale with the harmonic number…
We provide a general framework for the derivation of the hydrodynamical corrections to the QCD electromagnetic emissivities in a viscous fluid. Assuming that the emission times are short in comparison to the fluid evolution time, we show…
The first order hydrodynamic evolution equations for the shear stress tensor, the bulk viscous pressure and the charge current have been studied for a system of quarks and gluons, with a non-vanishing quark chemical potential and finite…
The transport properties of the strongly-coupled quark-gluon plasma created in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions are extracted by Bayesian parameter estimate methods with the latest collision beam energy data from LHC. This Bayesian…
Relativistic heavy ion collisions have reached energies that enable the creation of a novel state of matter termed the quark-gluon plasma. Many observables point to a picture of the medium as rapidly equilibrating and expanding as a nearly…
I review the recent progress in measuring elliptic flow in heavy ion collisions. These measurements show clearly how hydrodynamics starts to develop as the system size is increased from peripheral to central collisions. During this…