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We explore singular second-order boundary value problems with mixed boundary conditions on a general time scale. Using the lower and upper solutions method combined with the Brouwer fixed point theorem we demonstrate the existence of a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-06-23 Shalmali Bandyopadhyay , Curtis J Kunkel

In this paper we study an extension of the Polynomial Calculus proof system where we can introduce new variables and take a square root. We prove that an instance of the subset-sum principle, the binary value principle, requires refutations…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Yaroslav Alekseev

A sum of a large-dimensional random matrix polynomial and a fixed low-rank matrix polynomial is considered. The main assumption is that the resolvent of the random polynomial converges to some deterministic limit. A formula for the limit of…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-05-23 Patryk Pagacz , Michał Wojtylak

We prove several bounds on the number of incidences between two sets of multivariate polynomials of bounded degree over finite fields. From these results, we deduce bounds on incidences between points and multivariate polynomials, extending…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-23 Chong Shangguan , Yulin Yang , Tao Zhang

The aim of this paper is to present an elementary computable theory of random variables, based on the approach to probability via valuations. The theory is based on a type of lower-measurable sets, which are controlled limits of open sets,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-01-05 Pieter Collins

We generalize the Bernstein-Walsh-Siciak theorem on polynomial approximation in $\mathbb{C}^n$ to the case where the polynomial ring $\mathcal{P}(\mathbb{C}^n)$ is replaced by a subring $\mathcal{P}^S(\mathbb{C}^n)$ consisting of all…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2024-10-30 Benedikt Steinar Magnússon , Ragnar Sigurðsson , Bergur Snorrason

By limiting the range of the predicate variables in a second-order language one may obtain restricted versions of second-order logic such as weak second-order logic or definable subset logic. In this note we provide an infinitary strongly…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-07-11 Guillermo Badia , John Lane Bell

In this work we study the applicability of the Equivalence Theorem, either for unitary models or within an effective lagrangian approach. There are two types of limitations: the existence of a validity energy window and the use of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-11-17 A. Dobado , J. R. Pelaez , M. T. Urdiales

We obtain a Poisson Limit for return times to small sets for product systems. Only one factor is required to be hyperbolic while the second factor is only required to satisfy polynomial deviation bounds for ergodic sums. In particular, the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2023-12-13 Max Auer

We show that a weaker version of the well-known theorem of Morlaye and Joly on diagonal equations is a simple consequence of a restricted variable version of the Chevalley-Warning theorem. Moreover, we extend the result of Morlaye and Joly…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-10 Ioulia N. Baoulina

We study generating functions for the number of permutations in $\SS_n$ subject to two restrictions. One of the restrictions belongs to $\SS_3$, while the other to $\SS_k$. It turns out that in a large variety of cases the answer can be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 T. Mansour , A. Vainshtein

We use the implicitization procedure to generate polynomial equality constraints on the set of distributions induced by local interventions on variables governed by a causal Bayesian network with hidden variables. We show how we may reduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-06-26 Changsung Kang , Jin Tian

We study a conjecture called "linear rank conjecture" recently raised in (Tsang et al., FOCS'13), which asserts that if many linear constraints are required to lower the degree of a GF(2) polynomial, then the Fourier sparsity (i.e. number…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-08-11 Hing Yin Tsang , Ning Xie , Shengyu Zhang

Assume that there is a set of monic polynomials $P_n(z)$ satisfying the second-order difference equation $$ A(s) P_n(z(s+1)) + B(s) P_n(z(s)) + C(s) P_n(z(s-1)) = \lambda_n P_n(z(s)), n=0,1,2,..., N$$ where $z(s), A(s), B(s), C(s)$ are some…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-12-04 Luc Vinet , Alexei Zhedanov

Recently, an analogue over $\mathbb{F}_q[T]$ of Landau's theorem on sums of two squares was considered by Bary-Soroker, Smilansky and Wolf. They counted the number of monic polynomials in $\mathbb{F}_q[T]$ of degree $n$ of the form…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-20 Ofir Gorodetsky

We examine a generalization of the binomial distribution associated with a strictly increasing sequence of numbers and we prove its Poisson-like limit. Such generalizations might be found in quantum optics with imperfect detection. We…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 E. M. F. Curado , J. P. Gazeau , Ligia M. C. S. Rodrigues

Using a sums of squares formula for two variable polynomials with no zeros on the bidisk, we are able to give a new proof of a representation for distinguished varieties. For distinguished varieties with no singularities on the two-torus,…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2013-02-06 Greg Knese

We introduce poly-Bernoulli polynomials in two variables by using a generalization of Stirling numbers of the second kind that we studied in a previous work. We prove the bi-variate poly-Bernoulli polynomial version of some known results on…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Claudio Pita-Ruiz

We use constrained variational minimizing methods to study the existence of periodic solutions with a prescribed energy for a class of second order Hamiltonian systems with a $C^2$ potential function which may have an unbounded potential…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2013-07-31 Fengying Li , Shiqing Zhang

This paper proves, in very general settings, that convex risk minimization is a procedure to select a unique conditional probability model determined by the classification problem. Unlike most previous work, we give results that are general…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-06-16 Matus Telgarsky , Miroslav Dudík , Robert Schapire