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Quantum computers are poised to radically outperform their classical counterparts by manipulating coherent quantum systems. A realistic quantum computer will experience errors due to the environment and imperfect control. When these errors…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-21 Joel J. Wallman , Joseph Emerson

The paper explains that post-quantum cryptography is necessary due to the introduction of quantum computing causing certain algorithms to be broken. We analyze the different types of post-quantum cryptography, quantum cryptography and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Marel Alvarado , Luke Gayler , Alex Seals , Tao Wang , Tao Hou

Quantum computing promises to revolutionize several scientific and technological domains through fundamentally new ways of processing information. Among its most compelling applications is digital quantum simulation, where quantum computers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-05 Laurin E. Fischer

We prove the security of quantum key distribution against the most general attacks which can be performed on the channel, by an eavesdropper who has unlimited computation abilities, and the full power allowed by the rules of classical and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Eli Biham , Michel Boyer , P. Oscar Boykin , Tal Mor , Vwani Roychowdhury

We show that computational problem of testing the behaviour of quantum circuits is hard for the class of problems known as QMA that can be verified efficiently with a quantum computer. This result is a generalization of the techniques…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-05 Bill Rosgen

Post-quantum cryptography studies the security of classical, i.e. non-quantum cryptographic protocols against quantum attacks. Until recently, the considered adversaries were assumed to use quantum computers and behave like classical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-07-16 Maria Velema

We present the first leveled fully homomorphic encryption scheme for quantum circuits with classical keys. The scheme allows a classical client to blindly delegate a quantum computation to a quantum server: an honest server is able to run…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Urmila Mahadev

We investigate a scheme of fault-tolerant quantum computation based on the cluster model. Logical qubits are encoded by a suitable code such as the Steane's 7-qubit code. Cluster states of logical qubits are prepared by post-selection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Keisuke Fujii , Katsuji Yamamoto

A leading approach to algorithm design aims to minimize the number of operations in an algorithm's compilation. One intuitively expects that reducing the number of operations may decrease the chance of errors. This paradigm is particularly…

Quantum information science may lead to technological breakthroughs in computing, cryptography and sensing. For the implementation of these tasks, however, complex devices with many components are needed and the quantum advantage may easily…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-08 Lisa T. Weinbrenner , Lina Vandré , Tim Coopmans , Otfried Gühne

This paper aims to determine the fault tolerant quantum filter and fault detection equation for a class of open quantum systems coupled to a laser field that is subject to stochastic faults. In order to analyze this class of open quantum…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-06-15 Qing Gao , Daoyi Dong , Ian R. Petersen

Classical verification of quantum learning allows classical clients to reliably leverage quantum computing advantages by interacting with untrusted quantum servers. Yet, current quantum devices available in practice suffers from a variety…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-15 Yinghao Ma , Jiaxi Su , Dong-Ling Deng

Detection and quantification of information leaks through timing side channels are important to guarantee confidentiality. Although static analysis remains the prevalent approach for detecting timing side channels, it is computationally…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-25 Saeid Tizpaz-Niari , Pavol Cerny , Sriram Sankaranarayanan , Ashutosh Trivedi

It is conjectured that quantum computers are able to solve certain problems more quickly than any deterministic or probabilistic computer. A quantum computer exploits the rules of quantum mechanics to speed up computations. However, it is a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2009-08-15 Salah A. Aly

Cryptography plays a pivotal role in safeguarding sensitive information and facilitating secure communication. Classical cryptography relies on mathematical computations, whereas quantum cryptography operates on the principles of quantum…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-31 Tanmay Tripathi , Abhinav Awasthi , Shaurya Pratap Singh , Atul Chaturvedi

Proving threshold theorems for fault-tolerant quantum computation is a burdensome endeavor with many moving parts that come together in relatively formulaic but lengthy ways. It is difficult and rare to combine elements from multiple papers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-15 Zhiyang He , Quynh T. Nguyen , Christopher A. Pattison

As we approach the physical limits of CMOS technology, advances in materials science and nanotechnology are making available a variety of unconventional computing substrates that can potentially replace top-down-designed silicon-based…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2014-05-05 Alireza Goudarzi , Matthew R. Lakin , Darko Stefanovic

Adversarial robustness in quantum classifiers is a critical area of study, providing insights into their performance compared to classical models and uncovering potential advantages inherent to quantum machine learning. In the NISQ era of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Pouya Kananian , Hans-Arno Jacobsen

Modern lattice-based cryptography, particularly the learning with errors paradigm, relies on injecting artificial noise to secure data against quantum adversaries. This study systematically examines the theoretical and physical boundaries…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-07 Jiho Jung , Donghwa Ji , Mingyu Lee , Kabgyun Jeong

Quantitative theories of information flow give us an approach to relax the absolute confidentiality properties that are difficult to satisfy for many practical programs. The classical information-theoretic approaches for sequential…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-06-13 Tri Minh Ngo , Marieke Huisman