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In much of the literature on function approximation by deep networks, the function is assumed to be defined on some known domain, such as a cube or a sphere. In practice, the data might not be dense on these domains, and therefore, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-21 Hrushikesh Mhaskar

We discuss approximation of functions using deep neural nets. Given a function $f$ on a $d$-dimensional manifold $\Gamma \subset \mathbb{R}^m$, we construct a sparsely-connected depth-4 neural network and bound its error in approximating…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-04-24 Uri Shaham , Alexander Cloninger , Ronald R. Coifman

This paper develops a randomized approach for incrementally building deep neural networks, where a supervisory mechanism is proposed to constrain the random assignment of the weights and biases, and all the hidden layers have direct links…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-19 Dianhui Wang , Ming Li

In the present paper, we introduce three neural network operators of convolution type activated by symmetrized, deformed and parametrized B-generalized logistic function. We deal with the approximation properties of these operators to the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-03-31 Asiye Arif , Tuğba Yurdakadim

We consider a family of deep neural networks consisting of two groups of convolutional layers, a downsampling operator, and a fully connected layer. The network structure depends on two structural parameters which determine the numbers of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Tong Mao , Zhongjie Shi , Ding-Xuan Zhou

For the past 30 years or so, machine learning has stimulated a great deal of research in the study of approximation capabilities (expressive power) of a multitude of processes, such as approximation by shallow or deep neural networks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Hrushikesh Mhaskar

The approximation power of general feedforward neural networks with piecewise linear activation functions is investigated. First, lower bounds on the size of a network are established in terms of the approximation error and network depth…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-02 Mohammad Mehrabi , Aslan Tchamkerten , Mansoor I. Yousefi

In recent years, functional neural networks have been proposed and studied in order to approximate nonlinear continuous functionals defined on $L^p([-1, 1]^s)$ for integers $s\ge1$ and $1\le p<\infty$. However, their theoretical properties…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-11 Linhao Song , Jun Fan , Di-Rong Chen , Ding-Xuan Zhou

Computing the proximal operator of the $\ell_\infty$ norm, $\textbf{prox}_{\alpha ||\cdot||_\infty}(\mathbf{x})$, generally requires a sort of the input data, or at least a partial sort similar to quicksort. In order to avoid using a sort,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-08-22 Kathryn Linehan , Radu Balan

In this note we extend kernel function approximation results for neural networks with Gaussian-distributed weights to single-layer networks initialized using Haar-distributed random orthogonal matrices (with possible rescaling). This is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-14 James Martens

Multivariate function approximation is a fundamental problem in machine learning. Classic multivariate function approximations rely on hand-crafted basis functions (e.g., polynomial basis and Fourier basis), which limits their approximation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Wei-Hao Wu , Ting-Zhu Huang , Xi-Le Zhao , Yisi Luo , Deyu Meng

In the present paper we discuss the approximation properties of Jain-Baskakov operators with parameter c. The present paper deals with the modified forms of the Baskakov basis functions. We establish some direct results, which include the…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2015-09-10 Vishnu Narayan Mishra , Preeti Sharma , Marius Birou

Complex-valued neural networks (CVNNs) have recently shown promising empirical success, for instance for increasing the stability of recurrent neural networks and for improving the performance in tasks with complex-valued inputs, such as in…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-10-31 Paul Geuchen , Felix Voigtlaender

We extend Cardaliaguet-Euvrard neural network operators to the context of fuzzy number valued continuous functions and study their behaviour. We focus on level continuous, sendograph continuous and endograph continuous functions and obtain…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-12-25 Juan J. Font , Sergio Macario , Manuel Sanchis

We show the existence of a deep neural network capable of approximating a wide class of high-dimensional approximations. The construction of the proposed neural network is based on a quasi-optimal polynomial approximation. We show that this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-12-09 Joseph Daws , Clayton Webster

Multiplication layers are a key component in various influential neural network modules, including self-attention and hypernetwork layers. In this paper, we investigate the approximation capabilities of deep neural networks with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-12 Ido Ben-Shaul , Tomer Galanti , Shai Dekel

In this paper, we demonstrate the application of generalised rational uniform (Chebyshev) approximation in neural networks. In particular, our activation functions are one degree rational functions and the loss function is based on the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-11-05 Vinesha Peiris

The error function of real argument can be uniformly approximated to a given accuracy by a single closed-form expression for the whole variable range either in terms of addition, multiplication, division, and square root operations only, or…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-10-06 Dimitri N. Laikov

A new non-linear variant of a quantitative extension of the uniform boundedness principle is used to show sharpness of error bounds for univariate approximation by sums of sigmoid and ReLU functions. Single hidden layer feedforward neural…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-06-18 Steffen Goebbels

Neural networks have shown high successful performance in a wide range of tasks, but further studies are needed to improve its performance. We analyze the approximation error of the specific neural network architecture with a local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-04 Jae-Mo Kang , Sunghwan Moon