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When output token counts can be predicted at submission time (Gan et al., 2026), client-side scheduling against a black-box LLM API becomes semi-clairvoyant: decisions condition on coarse token priors even though the provider's internals…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Renzhong Yuan , Yijun Zeng , Xiaosong Gao , Linxi Yu , Haochun Liao , Han Wang

Resilient algorithms in high-performance computing are subject to rigorous non-functional constraints. Resiliency must not increase the runtime, memory footprint or I/O demands too significantly. We propose a task-based soft error detection…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Philipp Samfass , Tobias Weinzierl , Anne Reinarz , Michael Bader

The paper proposes a combination of the subdomain deflation method and local algebraic multigrid as a scalable distributed memory preconditioner that is able to solve large linear systems of equations. The implementation of the algorithm is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-31 Denis Demidov , Riccardo Rossi

In this paper, we develop a (preconditioned) GMRES solver based on integer arithmetic, and introduce an iterative refinement framework for the solver. We describe the data format for the coefficient matrix and vectors for the solver that is…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-03-04 Takeshi Iwashita , Kengo Suzuki , Takeshi Fukaya

Incomplete factorization is a widely used preconditioning technique for Krylov subspace methods for solving large-scale sparse linear systems. Its multilevel variants, such as ILUPACK, are more robust for many symmetric or unsymmetric…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-05-31 Qiao Chen , Aditi Ghai , Xiangmin Jiao

The preparation of a quantum state using a noisy quantum computer (gate noise strength $\delta$), will necessarily affect an O($\delta$)-fraction of the qubits, no matter which protocol is used. Here, we show that fault-tolerant quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-20 Matthias Christandl , Omar Fawzi , Ashutosh Goswami

Large-scale LLM training is increasingly susceptible to hardware defects stemming from manufacturing escapes and silicon aging. These defects manifest as Silent Data Corruption (SDC) that perturb gradients and parameters throughout the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Abhishek Tyagi , Saurabh Hukerikar , Nirmal Saxena , Yanxiang Huang , Philip Shirvani , Chung-Hsuan Tung , Yuhao Zhu

With the increasing number of components and further miniaturization the mean time between faults in supercomputers will decrease. System level fault tolerance techniques are expensive and cost energy, since they are often based on…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2015-01-30 Markus Huber , Björn Gmeiner , Ulrich Rüde , Barbara Wohlmuth

Increasing parallelism and transistor density, along with increasingly tighter energy and peak power constraints, may force exposure of occasionally incorrect computation or storage to application codes. Silent data corruption (SDC) will…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-02-26 James Elliott , Mark Hoemmen , Frank Mueller

Preconditioning for overdetermined least-squares problems has received comparatively little attention, and designing methods that are both effective and memory-efficient remains challenging. We propose a class of ILU-based preconditioners…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-31 Jennifer Scott , Miroslav Tůma

Ensuring the security of critical infrastructure has become increasingly vital with the proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) systems. However, the heterogeneous nature of IoT data and the lack of human-comprehensible insights from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Ashutosh Ghimire , Ghazal Ghajari , Karma Gurung , Love K. Sah , Fathi Amsaad

In this paper, we analyze different preconditionings designed to enhance robustness of pure-pixel search algorithms, which are used for blind hyperspectral unmixing and which are equivalent to near-separable nonnegative matrix factorization…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-05-29 Nicolas Gillis , Wing-Kin Ma

Applications such as web search and social networking have been moving from centralized to decentralized cloud architectures to improve their scalability. MapReduce, a programming framework for processing large amounts of data using…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2015-11-24 Pedro A. R. S. Costa , Xiao Bai , Fernando M. V. Ramos , Miguel Correia

The research of two-level overlapping Schwarz (TL-OS) method based on constrained energy minimizing coarse space is still in its infancy, and there exist some defects, e.g. mainly for second order elliptic problem and too heavy…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-06-04 Qing Lu , Junxian Wang , Shi Shu , Jie Peng

The CMOS integrated chips at advanced technology nodes are becoming more vulnerable to various sources of faults like manufacturing imprecisions, variations, aging, etc. Additionally, the intentional fault attacks (e.g., high power…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-07-08 Naveen Kumar Macha , Bhavana Tejaswini Repalle , Sandeep Geedipally , Rafael Rios , Mostafizur Rahman

Traditional fault diagnosis methods struggle to handle fault data, with complex data characteristics such as high dimensions and large noise. Deep learning is a promising solution, which typically works well only when labeled fault data are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Dandan Zhao , Hongpeng Yin , Jintang Bian , Han Zhou

This paper continues to develop a fault tolerant extension of the sparse grid combination technique recently proposed in [B. Harding and M. Hegland, ANZIAM J., 54 (CTAC2012), pp. C394-C411]. The approach is novel for two reasons, first it…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-04-11 Brendan Harding , Markus Hegland , Jay Larson , James Southern

With the emergence of mixed precision capabilities in hardware, iterative refinement schemes for solving linear systems $Ax=b$ have recently been revisited and reanalyzed in the context of three or more precisions. These new analyses show…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-02-17 Eda Oktay , Erin Carson

The detection of small infrared targets against blurred and cluttered backgrounds has remained an enduring challenge. In recent years, learning-based schemes have become the mainstream methodology to establish the mapping directly. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Zhu Liu , Zihang Chen , Jinyuan Liu , Long Ma , Xin Fan , Risheng Liu

We present a highly compact run-time monitoring approach for deep computer vision networks that extracts selected knowledge from only a few (down to merely two) hidden layers, yet can efficiently detect silent data corruption originating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Florian Geissler , Syed Qutub , Michael Paulitsch , Karthik Pattabiraman