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Exact solutions are found to the Dirac equation for a combination of Lorentz scalar and vector Coulombic potentials with additional non-Coulombic parts. An appropriate linear combination of Lorentz scalar and vector non-Coulombic…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-12-28 Antonio Soares de Castro , Jerrold Franklin

We consider a single particle which is bound by a central potential and obeys the Dirac equation in d dimensions. We first apply the asymptotic iteration method to recover the known exact solutions for the pure Coulomb case. For a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Hakan Ciftci , Richard L. Hall , Nasser Saad

A simple analytical solution is found to the Dirac equation for the combination of a Coulomb potential with a linear confining potential. An appropriate linear combination of Lorentz scalar and vector linear potentials, with the scalar part…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 Jerrold Franklin

The Dirac equation for H$_2^+$ is solved numerically by expansion in a basis set of two-center exponential functions, using different kinetic balance schemes. Very high precision (27-32 digits) is achieved, either with the dual kinetic…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-05-10 Hugo D. Nogueira , Jean-Philippe Karr

Anomalous diffusions are ubiquitous in nature, whose functional distributions are governed by the backward Feynman-Kac equation. In this paper, the local discontinuous Galerkin (LDG) method is used to solve the 2D backward Feynman-Kac…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-06-01 Dong Liu , Weihua Deng

The high-precision solution of the radial Dirac equation is fundamental to relativistic quantum chemistry, essential for reliable pseudopotential generation and all-electron electronic structure methods. However, standard basis-set…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Sheng Chen , Sihong Shao , Shuai Wu

Advantageous numerical methods for solving the Dirac equations are derived. They are based on different stochastic optimization techniques, namely the Genetic algorithms, the Particle Swarm Optimization and the Simulated Annealing method,…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-02-20 Ioannis G. Tsoulos , O. T. Kosmas , V. N. Stavrou

The gauge symmetries of a general dynamical system can be systematically obtained following either a Hamiltonean or a Lagrangean approach. In the former case, these symmetries are generated, according to Dirac's conjecture, by the first…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Heinz J. Rothe , Klaus D. Rothe

This paper describes a method for deriving approximate equations for irrotational water waves. The method is based on a 'relaxed' variational principle, i.e., on a Lagrangian involving as many variables as possible. This formulation is…

Classical Physics · Physics 2020-02-20 Didier Clamond , Denys Dutykh

In this paper, we present a systematic framework to derive a Lagrangian scheme for porous medium type generalized diffusion equations by employing a discrete energetic variational approach. Such discrete energetic variational approaches are…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-07-15 Chun Liu , Yiwei Wang

The generalized Langrangian mean theory provides exact equations for general wave-turbulence-mean flow interactions in three dimensions. For practical applications, these equations must be closed by specifying the wave forcing terms. Here…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Fabrice Ardhuin , Nicolas Rascle , Kostas Belibassakis

We consider within a finite element approach the usage of different adaptively refined meshes for different variables in systems of nonlinear, time-depended PDEs. To resolve different solution behaviours of these variables, the meshes can…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2010-05-27 Thomas Witkowski , Axel Voigt

New exact analytical bound-state solutions of the radial Dirac equation in 3+1 dimensions for two sets of couplings and radial potential functions are obtained via mapping onto the nonrelativistic bound-state solutions of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-05-03 M. G. Garcia , A. S. de Castro , P. Alberto , L. B. Castro

Exact solutions are presented of the Dirac equation of a charged particle moving in a classical monochromatic electromagnetic plane wave in a medium of index of refraction n < 1. The found solutions are expressed in terms of new complex…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-08-01 Sandor Varro

Relativistic atomic structure calculations are carried out in alkaline-earth-metal ions using a semiempirical-core-potential approach. The systems are partitioned into frozen-core electrons and an active valence electron. The core orbitals…

The Dirac equation is used to provide a relativistic calculation of the binding energy of a hydrogen-like atom confined within a penetrable spherical barrier. We take the potential to be Coulombic within the barrier and constant outside the…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-02-08 J. M. Noon

The two-body Dirac equation with general local potential is reduced to the pair of ordinary second-order differential equations for radial components of a wave function. The class of linear + Coulomb potentials with complicated spin-angular…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-12-19 Askold Duviryak

In this work, we propose an efficient and accurate computational method to evaluate the many-potential $\alpha\left(Z\alpha\right)^{n\ge3}$ vacuum polarization density of hydrogen-like atoms within the finite-basis approximation of the…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2023-07-26 Maen Salman , Trond Saue

The augmented Lagrange method is employed to address the optimal control problem involving pointwise state constraints in parabolic equations. The strong convergence of the primal variables and the weak convergence of the dual variables are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-02 Weilong You , Fu Zhang

Starting from the QCD Lagrangian and taking into account both perturbative and nonperturbative effects, we use the method of vacuum correlators to derive the Dirac equation (rigorously for the Coulomb interaction and heuristically for the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-09-25 V. D. Mur , V. S. Popov , Yu. A. Simonov , V. P. Yurov