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Unconditionally secure non-relativistic bit commitment is known to be impossible in both the classical and the quantum worlds. But when committing to a string of n bits at once, how far can we stretch the quantum limits? In this paper, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-18 Harry Buhrman , Matthias Christandl , Patrick Hayden , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Stephanie Wehner

We work out a theory of approximate quantum error correction that allows us to derive a general lower bound for the entanglement fidelity of a quantum code. The lower bound is given in terms of Kraus operators of the quantum noise. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Rochus Klesse

Unconditionally secure non-relativistic bit commitment is known to be impossible in both the classical and the quantum world. However, when committing to a string of n bits at once, how far can we stretch the quantum limits? In this letter,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Harry Buhrman , Matthias Christandl , Patrick Hayden , Hoi-Kwong Lo , Stephanie Wehner

A crucial insight for practical quantum error correction is that different types of errors, such as single-qubit Pauli operators, typically occur with different probabilities. Finding an optimal quantum code under such biased noise is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-05 Junyu Fan , Matthew Steinberg , Alexander Jahn , Chunjun Cao , Sebastian Feld

Suppose that Alice and Bob are located in distant laboratories, which are connected by an ideal quantum channel. Suppose further that they share many copies of a quantum state $\rho_{ABE}$, such that Alice possesses the $A$ systems and Bob…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-12 Kunal Sharma , Eyuri Wakakuwa , Mark M. Wilde

It is known that a PR-BOX (PR), a non-local resource and $(2\rightarrow 1)$ random access code (RAC), a functionality (wherein Alice encodes 2 bits into 1 bit message and Bob learns one of randomly chosen Alice's inputs) are equivalent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-30 Anubhav Chaturvedi , Marcin Pawlowski , Karol Horodecki

Oblivious transfer is a fundamental cryptographic primitive which is useful for secure multiparty computation. There are several variants of oblivious transfer. We consider 1 out of 2 oblivious transfer, where a sender sends two bits of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-12 David Reichmuth , Ittoop Vergheese Puthoor , Petros Wallden , Erika Andersson

Bell inequality violations are often taken as evidence that quantum nonlocality guarantees intrinsic randomness, effectively playing the role of a "dice" at the heart of many device-independent cryptographic protocols. We show that there…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-11 Ravishankar Ramanathan , Yuan Liu , Stefano Pironio

Complications in preparing and preserving quantum correlations stimulate recycling of a single quantum resource in information processing and communication tasks multiple times. Here, we consider a scenario involving multiple independent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-30 Debarshi Das , Arkaprabha Ghosal , Ananda G. Maity , Som Kanjilal , Arup Roy

Consider many instances of an arbitrary quadripartite pure state of four quantum systems ABCD. Alice holds the AC part of each state, Bob holds B, while D represents all other parties correlated with ABC. Alice is required to redistribute…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-29 Jon Yard , Igor Devetak

We present a two-step decoder for the parity code and evaluate its performance in code-capacity and faulty-measurement settings. For noiseless measurements, we find that the decoding problem can be reduced to a series of repetition codes…

We consider two classes of quantum generalisations of Random Access Code (RAC) and study lower bounds for probabilities of success for such tasks. It provides a useful framework for the study of certain information processing tasks with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-16 Nitica Sakharwade , Michał Studziński , Michał Eckstein , Paweł Horodecki

It is well known that no quantum bit commitment protocol is unconditionally secure. Nonetheless, there can be non-trivial upper bounds on both Bob's probability of correctly estimating Alice's commitment and Alice's probability of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. W. Spekkens , T. Rudolph

Random access codes are important for a wide range of applications in quantum information. However, their implementation with quantum theory can be made in two very different ways: (i) by distributing data with strong spatial correlations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-25 Armin Tavakoli , Breno Marques , Marcin Pawlowski , Mohamed Bourennane

It is well known that n bits of entropy are necessary and sufficient to perfectly encrypt n bits (one-time pad). Even if we allow the encryption to be approximate, the amount of entropy needed doesn't asymptotically change. However, this is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Iordanis Kerenidis , Daniel Nagaj

The optimal success probability of a communication game sets fundamental limitations on an operational theory. Quantum advantage of parity oblivious random access code (PORAC), a communication game, over classical resources reveals the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-04 Gautam Sharma , Sk Sazim , Shiladitya Mal

A (Quantum) Random Access Code ((Q)RAC) is a scheme that encodes $n$ bits into $m$ (qu)bits such that any of the $n$ bits can be recovered with a worst case probability $p>\frac{1}{2}$. Such a code is denoted by the triple $(n,m,p)$. It is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-17 Ola Liabøtrø

We derive bounds on the asymptotic density of parity-check matrices and the achievable rates of binary linear block codes transmitted over memoryless binary-input output-symmetric (MBIOS) channels. The lower bounds on the density of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Gil Wiechman , Igal Sason

Random access codes are an intriguing class of communication tasks that reveal an operational and quantitative difference between classical and quantum information processing. We formulate a natural generalization of random access codes and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-22 Teiko Heinosaari , Leevi Leppäjärvi

We obtain strict upper bounds on the bit transmission rate for communication of Classical bit codewords over Quantum channels. Albeit previous arguments in arXiv: 1804.01797 which have demonstrated that lower bounds can be shown to hold for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-08 Pete Rigas