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This paper deals with the state estimation problem in discrete-event systems modeled with nondeterministic finite automata, partially observed via a sensor measuring unit whose measurements (reported observations) may be vitiated by a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Yuting Li , Christoforos N. Hadjicostis , Naiqi Wu , Zhiwu Li

We describe defense mechanisms designed to detect sophisticated grid attacks involving both physical actions (including load modification) and sensor output alteration, with the latter performed in a sparse manner and also so as to take…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-07-22 Daniel Bienstock , Mauro Escobar

Networked systems are increasingly the target of cyberattacks that exploit vulnerabilities within digital communications, embedded hardware, and software. Arguably, the simplest class of attacks -- and often the first type before launching…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Xinhao Yan , Guanzhong Zhou , Daniel E. Quevedo , Carlos Murguia , Bo Chen , Hailong Huang

The power grid is a critical infrastructure that plays a vital role in modern society. Its availability is of utmost importance, as a loss can endanger human lives. However, with the increasing digitalization of the power grid, it also…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Ömer Sen , Bozhidar Ivanov , Martin Henze , Andreas Ulbig

The security of energy supply in a power grid critically depends on the ability to accurately estimate the state of the system. However, manipulated power flow measurements can potentially hide overloads and bypass the bad data detection…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-16 Chenguang Wang , Kaikai Pan , Simon Tindemans , Peter Palensky

Deep Neural Networks have proven to be highly accurate at a variety of tasks in recent years. The benefits of Deep Neural Networks have also been embraced in power grids to detect False Data Injection Attacks (FDIA) while conducting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Farhin Farhad Riya , Shahinul Hoque , Yingyuan Yang , Jiangnan Li , Jinyuan Stella Sun , Hairong Qi

We study the optimal design of stealthy attacks against partially observed linear control systems. We first propose a novel likelihood-based detection mechanism derived from the innovation process, based on which we quantify stealthiness…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Haosheng Zhou , Ruimeng Hu

This work proposes a moving target defense (MTD) strategy to detect coordinated cyber-physical attacks (CCPAs) against power grids. A CCPA consists of a physical attack, such as disconnecting a transmission line, followed by a coordinated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-08 Subhash Lakshminarayana , E. Veronica Belmega , H. Vincent Poor

We describe a threat model under which a split network-based federated learning system is susceptible to a model inversion attack by a malicious computational server. We demonstrate that the attack can be successfully performed with limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Tom Titcombe , Adam J. Hall , Pavlos Papadopoulos , Daniele Romanini

The increase in network connectivity has also resulted in several high-profile attacks on cyber-physical systems. An attacker that manages to access a local network could remotely affect control performance by tampering with sensor…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-01-15 Ilija Jovanov , Miroslav Pajic

This paper studies an attacker against a cyber-physical system (CPS) whose goal is to move the state of a CPS to a target state while ensuring that his or her probability of being detected does not exceed a given bound. The attacker's…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-03-31 Yuan Chen , Soummya Kar , José M. F. Moura

This paper addresses the challenge of amplitude-unbounded false data injection (FDI) attacks targeting the sensor-to-controller (S-C) channel in cyber-physical systems (CPSs). We introduce a resilient tube-based model predictive control…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-18 Yuzhou Xiao , Senchun Chai , Li Dai , Yuanqing Xia , Runqi Chai

Electric power grid components, such as high voltage transformers (HVTs), generating stations, substations, etc. are expensive to maintain and, in the event of failure, replace. Thus, regularly monitoring the behavior of such components is…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Sailik Sengupta , Kaustav Basu , Arunabha Sen , Subbarao Kambhampati

Public resources and services (e.g., datasets, training platforms, pre-trained models) have been widely adopted to ease the development of Deep Learning-based applications. However, if the third-party providers are untrusted, they can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-10 Han Qiu , Yi Zeng , Shangwei Guo , Tianwei Zhang , Meikang Qiu , Bhavani Thuraisingham

The effectiveness of Data Injections Attacks (DIAs) critically depends on the completeness of the system information accessible to adversaries. This relationship positions information incompleteness enhancement as a vital defense strategy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-27 Ke Sun , Jingyi Yan , Zhenglin Li , Shaorong Xie

Jamming refers to the deletion, corruption or damage of meter measurements that prevents their further usage. This is distinct from adversarial data injection that changes meter readings while preserving their utility in state estimation.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-09-16 Deepjyoti Deka , Ross Baldick , Sriram Vishwanath

Due to the potentially severe consequences of coordinated cyber-physical attacks (CCPA), the design of defenses has gained significant attention. A popular approach is to eliminate the existence of attacks by either securing existing…

Performance · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Yudi Huang , Ting He , Nilanjan Ray Chaudhuri , Thomas La Porta

Accurate knowledge of power grid topology is a prerequisite for effective state estimation and grid stability. While data-driven methods for topology reconstruction exist, the minimum requirements for measurement quality, specifically…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-05-13 Daniel T. Speckhard

This paper examines defending the power grid against load-altering attacks using electric vehicle charging. It proposes to preventively segment the cyber infrastructure that charging station operators (CSOs) use to communicate with and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-19 Kirill Kuroptev , Florian Steinke , Efthymios Karangelos

A novel false data injection attack (FDIA) model against DC state estimation is proposed, which requires no network parameters and exploits only limited phasor measurement unit (PMU) data. The proposed FDIA model can target specific states…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-25 Mingqiu Du , Georgia Pierrou , Xiaozhe Wang