Related papers: Generalized Evidence Theory
We outline a new model in which generalised uncertainty relations are obtained without modified commutation relations. While existing models introduce modified phase space volumes for the canonical degrees of freedom, we introduce new…
While model checking has often been considered as a practical alternative to building formal proofs, we argue here that the theory of sequent calculus proofs can be used to provide an appealing foundation for model checking. Since the…
We discuss two approaches to producing generalized parity proofs of the Kochen-Specker theorem. Such proofs use contexts of observables whose product is $I$ or $-I$; we call them constraints. In the first approach, one starts with a fixed…
The compactness phenomenon is one of the featured aspects of structuralism in mathematics. In simple and broad words, a compactness property holds in a structure if a related property is satisfied by sufficiently many substructures of that…
Commonsense reasoning systems should be able to generalize to diverse reasoning cases. However, most state-of-the-art approaches depend on expensive data annotations and overfit to a specific benchmark without learning how to perform…
This paper examines the relationship between Shafer's belief functions and convex sets of probability distributions. Kyburg's (1986) result showed that belief function models form a subset of the class of closed convex probability…
The public policy cycle requires increasingly the use of evidence by policy makers. Evidence Gap Maps (EGMs) are a relatively new methodology that helps identify, process, and visualize the vast amounts of studies representing a rich source…
A general analytical method is developed for describing crossover phenomena of arbitrary nature. The method is based on the algebraic self-similar renormalization of asymptotic series, with control functions defined by crossover conditions.…
This paper proposes a formal cognitive framework for problem solving based on category theory. We introduce cognitive categories, which are categories with exactly one morphism between any two objects. Objects in these categories are…
It is commonly remarked that contemporary physics faces a challenge in reconciling quantum theory with Relativity, specifically General Relativity as a theory of gravity. But "challenge" is too mild a descriptor. Once one understands both…
Fact verification (FV) is a challenging task which aims to verify a claim using multiple evidential sentences from trustworthy corpora, e.g., Wikipedia. Most existing approaches follow a three-step pipeline framework, including document…
In the present work we suggest a general covariant theory which can be used to study the stability of any physical system treated geometrically. Stability conditions are connected to the magnitude of the deviation vector. This theory is a…
We identify points of difference between Invariant Set Theory and standard quantum theory, and show that these lead to noticeable differences in predictions between the two theories. We design a number of experiments to test which of these…
The conflicts between armed groups often go on for years. The classical model of such conflicts accounts for the number of participants and for the technology level of the equipment of the groups. Below we extend this model in order to…
The problem of combining beliefs in the Dempster-Shafer belief theory has attracted considerable attention over the last two decades. The classical Dempster's Rule has often been criticised, and many alternative rules for belief combination…
These lecture notes survey the emerging area of Universal Proof Theory, which investigates general questions about the existence, equivalence, and characterization of good proof systems for broad classes of logics. In particular, the notes…
Fact verification is a challenging task that requires simultaneously reasoning and aggregating over multiple retrieved pieces of evidence to evaluate the truthfulness of a claim. Existing approaches typically (i) explore the semantic…
Witnessing quantum correlation in real, practical experimental set-ups is a key focus for the development of near-future quantum technologies. Whilst there are several experimental protocols for witnessing entanglement, detecting quantum…
We introduce a generalization of entanglement based on the idea that entanglement is relative to a distinguished subspace of observables rather than a distinguished subsystem decomposition. A pure quantum state is entangled relative to such…
The purpose of this paper is to look into how central notions in statistical learning theory, such as realisability, generalise under the assumption that train and test distribution are issued from the same credal set, i.e., a convex set of…