Related papers: A construction of the genetic material and of prot…
The DNA molecule, apart from carrying the genetic information, plays a crucial role in a variety of biological processes and find applications in drug design, nanotechnology and nanoelectronics. The molecule undergoes significant structural…
The functionality of proteins is related to their structure in the native state. Protein structures are made up of emergent building blocks of helices and almost planar sheets. A simple coarse-grained geometrical model of a flexible tube…
Cryptography is the science that secures data and communication over the network by applying mathematics and logic to design strong encryption methods. In the modern era of e-business and e-commerce the protection of confidentiality,…
A good feature representation is a determinant factor to achieve high performance for many machine learning algorithms in terms of classification. This is especially true for techniques that do not build complex internal representations of…
The genetic code is connection between 64 codons, which are building blocks of the genes, and 20 amino acids, which are building blocks of the proteins. In addition to coding amino acids, a few codons code stop signal, which is at the end…
Protein structures can be studied as complex networks of interacting amino acids. We study proteins of different structural classes from the network perspective. Our results indicate that proteins, regardless of their structural class, show…
We have presented the basic knowledge on the structure of molecules coding the genetic information, mechanisms of transfer of this information from DNA to proteins and phenomena connected with replication of DNA. In particular, we have…
Proteins are the fundamental macromolecules that play diverse and crucial roles in all living matter and have tremendous implications in healthcare, manufacturing, and biotechnology. Their functions are largely determined by the sequences…
In higher organisms, all cells share the same genome, but every cell expresses only a limited and specific set of genes that defines the cell type. During cell division, not only the genome, but also the cell type is inherited by the…
We investigate the large-scale geometry of the DNA-protein complex of chromatin using a generalized optimality principle, which requires that not only should all sub-parts of a natural process be optimal but also the unfolding of higher…
This paper builds fundamental perfect fields of positive characteristic and shows the structure of perfect fields that a field of positive characteristic is a perfect field if and only if it is an algebraic extension of a fundamental…
Protein structure prediction can be shown to be an NP-hard problem; the number of conformations grows exponentially with the number of residues. The native conformations of proteins occupy a very small subset of these, hence an exploratory,…
Understanding how genes interact and relate to each other is a fundamental question in biology. However, current practices for describing these relationships, such as drawing diagrams or graphs in a somewhat arbitrary manner, limit our…
The standard genetic code is known to be much more efficient in minimizing adverse effects of misreading errors and one-point mutations in comparison with a random code having the same structure, i.e. the same number of codons coding for…
The idea of the evolution of the genetic code from the CG to the CGUA alphabet has been developed further. The assumption of the originally triplet structure of the genetic code has been substantiated. The hypothesis of the emergence of…
A small collection of general facts related to DNA is presented
This technical report deals with the concept of an artificial DNA which contains a blueprint of the structure and organization of an embedded system. This blueprint can be used to build up the embedded system in a self-organizing manner at…
This article is a conceptual exposition on the structure of the tree. It demonstrates an evolutionary design that the tree possesses in the perspective of a structural engineer.
The bridge between finite and infinite nuclear system is analyzed for the fundamental quantities like binding energy, density, compressibility, giant monopole excitation energy and effective mass of both nuclear matter and finite nuclei…
The genome is software because it a set of verbal instructions for a programmable computer, the ribosome. The theory of evolution now reads: evolution is the software developer responsible for the existence of the genome. We claim that this…