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In the absence of a theory of everything, modern physicists need to rely on other predictive tools and turned to Effective Field Theories (EFTs) in a number of fields, including but not limited to statistical mechanics, condensed matter,…
Multiple hypothesis testing is a fundamental problem in high dimensional inference, with wide applications in many scientific fields. In genome-wide association studies, tens of thousands of tests are performed simultaneously to find if any…
This note provides a conceptual clarification of Ronald Aylmer Fisher's (1935) pioneering exact test in the context of the Lady Testing Tea experiment. It unveils a critical implicit assumption in Fisher's calibration: the taster minimizes…
FP-Growth algorithm is a Frequent Pattern Min- ing (FPM) algorithm that has been extensively used to study correlations and patterns in large scale datasets. While several researchers have designed distributed memory FP-Growth algorithms,…
The fitness contribution of an allele at one genetic site may depend on alleles at other sites, a phenomenon known as epistasis. Epistasis can profoundly influence the process of evolution in populations under selection, and can shape the…
In oncological clinical trials, overall survival (OS) is the gold-standard endpoint, but long follow-up and treatment switching can delay or dilute detectable effects. Progression-free survival (PFS) often provides earlier evidence and is…
Multilevel selection occurs when short-term individual-level reproductive interests conflict with longer-term group-level fitness effects. Detecting and quantifying this phenomenon is key to understanding evolution of traits ranging from…
We apply the methods developed by Lockhart et al. (2013) and Taylor et al. (2013) on significance tests for penalized regression to forward stepwise model selection. A general framework for selection procedures described by quadratic…
This paper investigates the theoretical and empirical performance of Fisher-Pitman-type permutation tests for assessing the equality of unknown Poisson mixture distributions. Building on nonparametric maximum likelihood estimators (NPMLEs)…
Many imaging techniques for biological systems -- like fixation of cells coupled with fluorescence microscopy -- provide sharp spatial resolution in reporting locations of individuals at a single moment in time but also destroy the dynamics…
Tabular data plays a vital role in various real-world scenarios and finds extensive applications. Although recent deep tabular models have shown remarkable success, they still struggle to handle data distribution shifts, leading to…
Wright-Fisher diffusions and their dual ancestral graphs occupy a central role in the study of allele frequency change and genealogical structure, and they provide expressions, explicit in some special cases but generally implicit, for the…
The total-evidence approach to divergence-time dating uses molecular and morphological data from extant and fossil species to infer phylogenetic relationships, species divergence times, and macroevolutionary parameters in a single coherent…
The paper derives new results on the marginal likelihood of a two-way table which clarify the conditions under which Ecological inference is possible and lead to an efficient algorithm for maximizing the exact multinomial likelihood. The…
The progression-free survival ratio (PFSr) is a widely used measure in personalized oncology trials. It evaluates the effectiveness of treatment by comparing two consecutive event times - one under standard therapy and one under an…
One of the outstanding challenges in comparative genomics is to interpret the evolutionary importance of regulatory variation between species. Rigorous molecular evolution-based methods to infer evidence for natural selection from…
Nearest neighbor (NN) methods are employed for drawing inferences about spatial patterns of points from two or more classes. We consider Pielou's test of niche specificity which is defined using a contingency table based on the NN…
Simulation can evaluate a statistical method for properties such as Type I Error, FDR, or bias on a grid of hypothesized parameter values. But what about the gaps between the grid-points? Continuous Simulation Extension (CSE) is a…
Phylogenetic trait evolution models allow for the estimation of evolutionary correlations between a set of traits observed in a sample of related organisms. By directly modeling the evolution of the traits along an estimable phylogenetic…
By using Araki's relative entropy, Lieb's convexity and the theory of singular integrals, we compute the mutual information associated with free fermions, and we deduce many results about entropies for chiral CFT's which are embedded into…