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Since the creation of Bitcoin in 2009 we have seen a great push towards public and private blockchains. In order to avoid fragmentation, a global network connecting all these blockchains is envisioned. Just like the Internet facilitates…
Compact block, which replaces transactions in the block with their hashes, is an effective means to speed up block propagation in the Bitcoin network. The compact block mechanism in Bitcoin counts on the fact that many nodes may already…
To minimize network latency and remain online during server failures and network partitions, many modern distributed data storage systems eschew transactional functionality, which provides strong semantic guarantees for groups of multiple…
Smart contracts are computer programs that can be consistently executed by a network of mutually distrusting nodes, without the arbitration of a trusted authority. Because of their resilience to tampering, smart contracts are appealing in…
Distributed storage systems and databases are widely used by various types of applications. Transactional access to these storage systems is an important abstraction allowing application programmers to consider blocks of actions (i.e.,…
Scaling neural network models has delivered dramatic quality gains across ML problems. However, this scaling has increased the reliance on efficient distributed training techniques. Accordingly, as with other distributed computing…
Blockchain technology enables the execution of collaborative business processes involving untrusted parties without requiring a central authority. Specifically, a process model comprising tasks performed by multiple parties can be…
Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies are gaining the interest of the academy, companies, and institutions. Nonetheless, the path toward blockchain adoption is not straightforward, as blockchain is a complex technology that…
Blockchain was mainly introduced for secure transactions in connection with the mining of cryptocurrency Bitcoin. This article discusses the fundamental concepts of blockchain technology and its components, such as block header,…
In a world demanding the best performance from financial investments, distributed applications occupy the first place among the proposed solutions. This particularity is due to their distributed architecture which is able to acheives high…
In this paper, we analyze the Ethereum blockchain using the complex networks modeling framework. Accounts acting on the blockchain are represented as nodes, while the interactions among these accounts, recorded on the blockchain, are…
Multi-party object coordination - across object-capability systems, smart-contract platforms, distributed actors, and event-sourced architectures - is shaped by six structural properties: authenticated provenance, opaque encapsulation,…
Trades, introduced by Hedayat, are two sets of blocks of elements which may be exchanged (traded) without altering the counts of certain subcollections of elements within their constituent blocks. They are of importance in applications…
NoSQL databases are widely used in modern applications due to their scalability and schema flexibility, yet they often rely on eventual consistency models that limit reliable transaction processing. This study proposes a four-stage…
Main memory database systems aim to provide users with low latency and high throughput access to data. Most data resides in secondary storage, which is limited by the access speed of the technology. For hot content, data resides in DRAM,…
Since the creation of Bitcoin, transaction tracking is one of the prominent means for following the movement of Bitcoins involved in illegal activities. Although every Bitcoin transaction is recorded in the blockchain database, which is…
In recent years, blockchain technology has been recognized as a transformative innovation in the tech world, and it has quickly become the core infrastructure of digital currencies such as Bitcoin and an important tool in various…
Spectrum sharing has long been considered as method to improve spectrum resource utilization. Centralized geolocation database approach has been accepted globally for commercial applications. Recently blockchain has been considered as a…
In financial applications, latency advantages -- the ability to make decisions later than others, even without the ability to see what others have done -- can provide individual participants with an edge by allowing them to gather…
Today's JavaScript applications are composed of scripts from different origins that are loaded at run time. As not all of these origins are equally trusted, the execution of these scripts should be isolated from one another. However, some…