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Distributed quantum information in networks is paramount for global secure quantum communication. Moreover, it finds applications as a resource for relevant tasks, such as clock synchronization, magnetic field sensing, and blind quantum…

Quantum entanglement has been identified as a crucial concept underlying many intriguing phenomena in condensed matter systems, such as topological phases or many-body localization. Recently, instead of considering mere quantifiers of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-12 Niklas Euler , Martin Gärttner

We introduce a framework for graphical security proofs in device-independent quantum cryptography using the methods of categorical quantum mechanics. We are optimistic that this approach will make some of the highly complex proofs in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-29 Spencer Breiner , Carl A. Miller , Neil J. Ross

The laws of quantum mechanics allow unconditionally secure key distribution protocols. Nevertheless, security proofs of traditional quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols rely on a crucial assumption, the trustworthiness of the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-10-08 Umesh Vazirani , Thomas Vidick

Quantum state tomography, the ability to deduce the state of a quantum system from measured data, is the gold standard for verification and benchmarking of quantum devices. It has been realized in systems with few components, but for larger…

Device-independent quantum key distribution provides security even when the equipment used to communicate over the quantum channel is largely uncharacterized. An experimental demonstration of device-independent quantum key distribution is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-16 M. Ho , P. Sekatski , E. Y. -Z. Tan , R. Renner , J. -D. Bancal , N. Sangouard

The quantum computer is supposed to process information by applying unitary transformations to the complex amplitudes defining the state of N qubits. A useful machine needing N=1000 or more, the number of continuous parameters describing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-23 M. I. Dyakonov

Quantum sensors may provide extremely high sensitivity and precision to extract key information in a quantum or classical physical system. A fundamental question is whether a quantum sensor is capable of uniquely inferring unknown…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-19 Qi Yu , Yuanlong Wang , Daoyi Dong , Ian R. Petersen

The preparation and certification of quantum states is a fundamental challenge across quantum information technology. We introduce a tomography-free state certification method that lower-bounds the fidelity by estimating expectation values…

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) guarantees the security of communication with quantum physics. Most of widely adopted QKD protocols currently encode the key information with binary signal format---qubit, such as the polarization states.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-23 Fumin Wang , Pei Zeng , Xiaoli Wang , Hong Gao , Fuli Li , Pei Zhang

Causal nonseparability is the property underlying quantum processes incompatible with a definite causal order. So far it has remained a central open question as to whether any process with a clear physical realisation can violate a causal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-31 Hippolyte Dourdent , Alastair A. Abbott , Ivan Šupić , Cyril Branciard

Indefinite causal order has found numerous applications in quantum computation, quantum communication, and quantum metrology. Before its usage, the quality of the indefinite causal order needs to be first certified, and the certification…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-26 Zhu Cao

Scalable quantum technologies will present challenges for characterizing and tuning quantum devices. This is a time-consuming activity, and as the size of quantum systems increases, this task will become intractable without the aid of…

Quantum computing is no longer a nascent field. Programmable quantum annealing devices with more that 1000 qubits are commercially available. How does one know that a putative quantum annealing device is indeed quantum? How should one go…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-06-23 Joshua Job , Daniel Lidar

Standard quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols typically assume that the distant parties share a common reference frame. In practice, however, establishing and maintaining a good alignment between distant observers is rarely a trivial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-04 Joshua A. Slater , Cyril Branciard , Nicolas Brunner , Wolfgang Tittel

Quantum communication is often investigated in scenarios where only the dimension of Hilbert space is known. However, assigning a precise dimension is often an approximation of what is actually a higher-dimensional process. Here, we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-08 Jef Pauwels , Stefano Pironio , Erik Woodhead , Armin Tavakoli

High-dimensional quantum entanglement is an important resource for emerging quantum technologies such as quantum communication and quantum computation. The scalability of metres-long experimental setups limits high-dimensional entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-06 Tavshabad Kaur , Daniel Peace , Jacquiline Romero

Quantum measurement has conventionally been regarded as the final step in quantum information processing, which is essential for reading out the processed information but collapses the quantum state into a classical state. However, recent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-02 Dongjin Lee , Beni Yoshida

Quantum computers promise to efficiently solve not only problems believed to be intractable for classical computers, but also problems for which verifying the solution is also considered intractable. This raises the question of how one can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-10 Alexandru Gheorghiu , Theodoros Kapourniotis , Elham Kashefi

One of the basic lessons of quantum theory is that one cannot obtain information on an unknown quantum state without disturbing it. Hence, by performing a certain measurement, we limit the other possible measurements that can be effectively…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-24 Erkka Haapasalo , Teiko Heinosaari , Takayuki Miyadera