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An expert classification system having statistical information about the prior probabilities of the different classes should be able to use this knowledge to reduce the amount of additional information that it must collect, e.g., through…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-25 Yuping Qiu , Louis Anthony Cox, , Lawrence Davis

We give formulas for the number of polynomials over a finite field with given root multiplicities, in particular in cases when the formula is surprisingly simple (a power of q). Besides this concrete interpretation, we also prove an…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-10-03 Ayah Almousa , Melanie Matchett Wood

We give a new heuristic for all of the main terms in the integral moments of various families of primitive L-functions. The results agree with previous conjectures for the leading order terms. Our conjectures also have an almost identical…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 J. B. Conrey , D. W. Farmer , J. P. Keating , M. O. Rubinstein , N. C. Snaith

The Cohen-Lenstra-Martinet heuristics lead one to conjecture that the average size of the $p$-torsion in class groups of $G$-extensions of a number field is finite. In a 2021 paper, Lemke Oliver, Wang, and Wood proved this conjecture in the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-08 Jonas Iskander , Hari R. Iyer

The collection of $d \times N$ complex matrices with prescribed column norms and prescribed (nonzero) singular values forms a compact algebraic variety, which we refer to as a frame space. Elements of frame spaces -- i.e., frames -- are…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2022-08-25 Tom Needham , Clayton Shonkwiler

This is the first in a series of papers on type I Howe duality for finite fields, concerning the restriction of an oscillator representation of the symplectic group to a product of a symplectic and an orthogonal group. The goal of the…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Sophie Kriz

This paper is an extension of the work of Dummit and Voight on modeling the 2-Selmer group of number fields. We extend their model to $S_n$-number fields of even degree and develop heuristics on the difference in the 2-ranks between the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-11 Benjamin Breen

This paper introduces a probabilistic framework for k-shot image classification. The goal is to generalise from an initial large-scale classification task to a separate task comprising new classes and small numbers of examples. The new…

We construct a random model to study the distribution of class numbers in special families of real quadratic fields $\mathbb Q(\sqrt d)$ arising from continued fractions. These families are obtained by considering periodic continued…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-12-17 Alexander Dahl , Vítězslav Kala

Few-shot and one-shot learning have been the subject of active and intensive research in recent years, with mounting evidence pointing to successful implementation and exploitation of few-shot learning algorithms in practice. Classical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Ivan Y. Tyukin , Alexander N. Gorban , Muhammad H. Alkhudaydi , Qinghua Zhou

We study a general framework of distributional computational graphs: computational graphs whose inputs are probability distributions rather than point values. We analyze the discretization error that arises when these graphs are evaluated…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-13 Olof Hallqvist Elias , Michael Selby , Phillip Stanley-Marbell

The notion of symmetry in polynomial rings with several indeterminates is generalized to polynomial rings over finite fields. Families of extensions of the projective line over a finite field of constants possessing this property are…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vinay Deolalikar

We introduce a (bi)category $\mathfrak{Sing}$ whose objects can be functorially assigned spaces of distributions and generalized functions. In addition, these spaces of distributions and generalized functions possess intrinsic notions of…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2013-02-01 Shantanu Dave , Michael Kunzinger

The modeling of probability distributions, specifically generative modeling and density estimation, has become an immensely popular subject in recent years by virtue of its outstanding performance on sophisticated data such as images and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-02 Hongkang Yang

In this paper we introduce a common framework for describing the topological part of the Baum-Connes conjecture for a wide class of groups. We compute the Bredon homology for groups with aspherical presentation, one-relator quotients of…

K-Theory and Homology · Mathematics 2013-09-23 Yago Antolín , Ramón Flores

Weinberger in 1972, proved that the ring of integers of a number field with unit rank at least $1$ is a principal ideal domain if and only if it is a Euclidean domain, provided the generalised Riemann hypothesis holds. Lenstra extended the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-13 V. Kumar Murty , J. Sivaraman

In this work we employ machine learning to understand structured mathematical data involving finite groups and derive a theorem about necessary properties of generators of finite simple groups. We create a database of all 2-generated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Yang-Hui He , Vishnu Jejjala , Challenger Mishra , Em Sharnoff

We introduce a new technique for the study of the distribution of modular symbols, which we apply to congruence subgroups of Bianchi groups. We prove that if $K$ is a quadratic imaginary number field of class number one and $\mathcal{O}_K$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-02 Petru Constantinescu

We discuss rather systematically the principle, implicit in earlier works, that for a "random" element in an arithmetic subgroup of a (split, say) reductive algebraic group over a number field, the splitting field of the characteristic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2012-01-25 F. Jouve , E. Kowalski , D. Zywina

We propose a refinement of the random matrix model for a certain family of $L$-functions over $\mathbb F_q[u]$, using techniques that we hope will eventually apply to an arbitrary family of $L$-functions. This consists of a probability…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-05 Will Sawin