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When inhibitory neurons constitute about 40% of neurons they could have an important antinociceptive role, as they would easily regulate the level of activity of other neurons. We consider a simple network of cortical spiking neurons with…
A growing body of research indicates that structural plasticity mechanisms are crucial for learning and memory consolidation. Starting from a simple phenomenological model, we exploit a mean-field approach to develop a theoretical framework…
Strong inhibitory input to neurons, which occurs in balanced states of neural networks, increases synaptic current fluctuations. This has led to the assumption that inhibition contributes to the high spike-firing irregularity observed in…
Recent advancements in measurement techniques have resulted in an increasing amount of data on neural activities recorded in parallel, revealing largely heterogeneous correlation patterns across neurons. Yet, the mechanistic origin of this…
Networks of excitatory and inhibitory neurons display asynchronous irregular (AI) states, where the activities of the two populations are balanced. At the single cell level, it was shown that neurons subject to balanced and noisy synaptic…
A key step in many perceptual decision tasks is the integration of sensory inputs over time, but fundamental questions remain about how this is accomplished in neural circuits. One possibility is to balance decay modes of membranes and…
Several experiments and models have highlighted the importance of neuronal heterogeneity in brain dynamics and function. However, how such a cell-to-cell diversity can affect cortical computation, synchronization, and neuronal communication…
We here study a network of synaptic relations mingling excitatory and inhibitory neuron nodes that displays oscillations quite similar to electroencephalogram (EEG) brain waves, and identify abrupt variations brought about by swift synaptic…
Biological neural networks exist in physical space where distance influences communication delays: a fundamental coupling between space and time absent in most artificial neural networks. While recent work has separately explored spatial…
Many systems are modulated by unknown slow processes. This hinders analysis in highly non-linear systems, such as excitable systems. We show that for such systems, if the input matches the sparse `spiky' nature of the output, the spiking…
Networks of model neurons with balanced recurrent excitation and inhibition produce irregular and asynchronous spiking activity. We extend the analysis of balanced networks to include the known dependence of connection probability on the…
We study an abstracted model of neuronal activity via numerical simulation, and report spatiotemporal pattern formation and critical like dynamics. A population of pulse coupled, discretised, relaxation oscillators is simulated over…
In neural circuits, synaptic strengths influence neuronal activity by shaping network dynamics, and neuronal activity influences synaptic strengths through activity-dependent plasticity. Motivated by this fact, we study a recurrent-network…
The detection of neuronal communities is addressed with basis on two important concepts from neuroscience: facilitation of neuronal firing and nearly simultaneous beginning of activation of sets of neurons. More specifically,…
Synchronous firing of neurons is thought to play important functional roles such as feature binding and switching of cognitive states. Although synchronization has mainly been investigated using model neurons with simple connection topology…
We consider the information transmission problem in neurons and its possible implications for learning in neural networks. Our approach is based on recent developments in statistical physics and complexity science. Combining sensory…
Astrocytes are a ubiquitous and enigmatic type of non-neuronal cell and are found in the brain of all vertebrates. While traditionally viewed as being supportive of neurons, it is increasingly recognized that astrocytes may play a more…
Intelligent biological systems are characterized by their embodiment in a complex environment and the intimate interplay between their nervous systems and the nonlinear mechanical properties of their bodies. This coordination, in which the…
Sleep is thought to support memory consolidation and the recovery of optimal energetic regime by reorganizing synaptic connectivity, yet how plasticity across hierarchical brain circuits contributes to abstraction and energy efficiency…
Novel experimental techniques reveal the simultaneous activity of larger and larger numbers of neurons. As a result there is increasing interest in the structure of cooperative -- or correlated -- activity in neural populations, and in the…